فیل
Central Kurdish
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fiːl/
Noun
| Northern Kurdish | fîl |
|---|
فیل (fîl)
- elephant (mammal)
Ottoman Turkish
Alternative forms
- ֆիլ (fil) — Armeno-Turkish
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic فِيل (fīl, “elephant”), from Middle Persian pyl (/pīl/), ultimately from Akkadian 𒄠𒋛 (/pīru/). Doublet of پیل (pil, “elephant”).
Noun
فیل • (fil) (definite accusative فیلی (fili), plural فیول (füyûl) or افیال (efyâl))
- elephant, a mammal of the order Proboscidea, having a trunk, and two large ivory tusks jutting from the upper jaw
- Synonym: پیل (pil)
- (chess) bishop, the chess piece which moves along diagonal lines and developed from the shatranj alfil ("elephant")
- Synonyms: پیل (pil), سطرنج فیلی (satranc fili)
Derived terms
- سطرنج فیلی (satranc fili, “bishop at chess”)
- فیل خرطومی (fil hortumu, “water spout”)
- فیل دیشی (fil dişi, “ivory”)
- فیلبان (filbân, “mahout, elephant keeper”)
- فیلبند (filbend, “the bishop's check”)
- فیلجی (filci, “mahout, keeper of an elephant”)
- فیلخانه (filhâne, “elephant stable”)
- فیلزهره (filzehre, “boxthorn”)
- فیلكوش (filguş, “kind of flower”)
- فیلكون (filgun, “black, dark”)
- فیلمرغ (filmürg, “turkey”)
Descendants
Further reading
click to expand
- Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “فیل”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 436
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “fil1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1589
- Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “فیل”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 347b
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “فیل”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 916
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Elephantus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[3], Vienna, column 457
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “فیل”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[4], Vienna, column 3567
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “fil”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “فیل”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1403
Persian
Etymology
Middle Persian 𐭯𐭩𐭫 (pyl /pīl/), ultimately from Akkadian 𒄠𒋛 (/pīru/). Doublet of پیل (pil).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ˈfiːl/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [fiːl]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [fiːl̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [fil]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | fīl |
| Dari reading? | fīl |
| Iranian reading? | fil |
| Tajik reading? | fil |
Audio (Iran): (file)
Noun
| Dari | فیل |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | фил |
فیل • (fil) (plural فیلها, or فیلان)
Related terms
Descendants
- → Bashkir: фил (fil)
- → Yagnobi: фил (fil)
- → Chechen: пийл (piı̇l)
- → Georgian: ჶილი (fili) — Fereydan
- → Hindi: फ़ील (fīl)
- → Kazakh: піл (pıl)
- → Kyrgyz: пил (pil)
- → Northern Kurdish: fîl
- → Pashto: پيل (pil)
- → Tajik: фил (fil)
- → Tatar: фил (fil)
- → Turkmen: pil
- → Urdu: فیل (fīl)
- → Uyghur: پىل (pil)
- → Uzbek: fil
See also
| Chess pieces in Persian · مهرههای شطرنج (mohre-hâye šatranj) (layout · text) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| شاه (šâh) | وزیر (vazir), فرزین (farzin) |
رخ (rox), قلعه (qal'e) |
فیل (fil) | اسب (asb) | پیاده (piyâde), سرباز (sarbâz) |
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian فیل (fīl), from Arabic فِيل (fīl), from Middle Persian 𐭯𐭩𐭫 (pyl /pīl/). Doublet of پِیل (pīl).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /fiːl/
- Rhymes: -iːl
Noun
فِیل • (fīl) m (Hindi spelling फ़ील)
- elephant
- Synonyms: پِیل (pīl), ہاتھی (hāthī), ہَسْتی (hastī), گَج (gaj)
- اِس تَرازُو میں بَرابَر ہَیں وہ نیتا ہُوں کِہ فِیل۔ کھاتے ہَیں جَنتا کا حِصَّہ بھی یہ جَنتا کے وَکِیل۔
- is tarāzū mẽ barābar ha͠i vo netā hū̃ ki fīl. khāte ha͠i jantā kā hissa bhī ye jantā ke vakīl.
- The politician and the elephant are equal by this measure / This representative of the people devours even the public treasure
- (chess) alfil or bishop
- Synonyms: فِیلَہ (fīla), پِیل (pīl)
- سَجے ہُوئے ہَیں پیادَہ و اَسْپ و فِیل تَمام۔ بِچھی ہُوئی ہَے بِساط جَہاں کَہاں گَیا مَیں۔
- saje hūe ha͠i pyāda o asp o fīl tamām. bichī hūī hai bisāt jahā̃ kahā̃ gayā ma͠i.
- All the pawn and knight and bishop (or alfil) are set / Where the chess cloth is spread / Where have I gone?
Derived terms
- فِیل بان (fīl bān, “mahout”)
- فِیل خانَہ (fīl xāna, “elephant stable”)
- فِیل دَنْدان (fīl dandān, “elephant tusk; ivory”)
- فِیل مُرْغ (fīl murġ, “turkey”)
- فِیل پا (fīl pā, “elephantiasis”)
- فِیلی (fīlī, “elephantine”)
References
- “فیل”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
- Platts, John T. (1884) “فيل”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- John Shakespear (1834) “فيل”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC