धृ
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ধৃ (Assamese script)
- ᬥᬺ (Balinese script)
- ধৃ (Bengali script)
- 𑰠𑰴 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀥𑀾 (Brahmi script)
- ဓၖ (Burmese script)
- ધૃ (Gujarati script)
- ਧ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌧𑍃 (Grantha script)
- ꦣꦽ (Javanese script)
- 𑂡𑃂 (Kaithi script)
- ಧೃ (Kannada script)
- ធ្ឫ (Khmer script)
- ຘ຺ຣິ (Lao script)
- ധൃ (Malayalam script)
- ᢡᡵᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘠𑘵 (Modi script)
- ᢑᠾᠷᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧀𑧖 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐢𑐺 (Newa script)
- ଧୃ (Odia script)
- ꢤꢺ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆣𑆸 (Sharada script)
- 𑖠𑖴 (Siddham script)
- ධෘ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩮𑩙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚜 (Takri script)
- த்⁴ரி (Tamil script)
- ధృ (Telugu script)
- ธฺฤ (Thai script)
- དྷྲྀ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒡𑒵 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨜𑨼𑨉 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰar-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰar-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer- (“to hold, support”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /dʱr̩/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /d̪ʱr̩/
Root
धृ • (dhṛ)
- to hold
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.121.1:
- हि॒र॒ण्य॒ग॒र्भः सम॑वर्त॒ताग्रे॑ भू॒तस्य॑ जा॒तः पति॒रेक॑ आसीत् ।
स दा॑धार पृथि॒वीं द्यामु॒तेमां कस्मै॑ दे॒वाय॑ ह॒विषा॑ विधेम ॥- hiraṇyagarbháḥ sámavartatā́gre bhūtásya jātáḥ pátiréka āsīt.
sá dādhāra pṛthivī́ṃ dyā́mutémā́ṃ kásmai devā́ya havíṣā vidhema. - Hiraṇyagarbha was present at the beginning; when born, he was the sole lord of created beings;
he upheld this earth and heaven-- let us offer worship with an oblation to the divine.
- hiraṇyagarbháḥ sámavartatā́gre bhūtásya jātáḥ pátiréka āsīt.
- हि॒र॒ण्य॒ग॒र्भः सम॑वर्त॒ताग्रे॑ भू॒तस्य॑ जा॒तः पति॒रेक॑ आसीत् ।
Usage notes
The (morphological) causative धारयति (dhāráyati) is in practice used as the main present verb.
Derived terms
Sanskrit terms belonging to the root धृ (0 c, 18 e)
Terms derived from the Sanskrit root धृ (14 c, 0 e)
- Primary Verbal Forms
- Secondary Forms
- ध्रियते (dhriyáte) (Passive)
- अधारि (ádhāri) (Passive Aorist)
- धारयति (dhāráyati) (Causative)
- अदीधरत् (ádīdharat) (Causative Aorist)
- धार्यते (dhāryáte) (Passive of Causative)
- दिधीर्षति (didhīrṣati) (Desiderative)
- दिधारयिषति (didhārayiṣati) (Desiderative of Causative)
- दर्धर्ति (dárdharti) (Intensive)
- Non-Finite Forms
- धृत (dhṛtá) (Past Participle)
- धर्तुम् (dhartum) (Infinitive)
- धर्तवै (dhartavai) (Infinitive)
- धर्तरि (dhartári) (Infinitive)
- धृत्वा (dhṛtvā́) (Gerund)
- धर्तव्य (dhartavya) (Gerundive)
- धार्य (dhārya) (Gerundive)
- धरणीय (dharaṇī́ya) (Gerundive)
- धारित (dhārita) (Causative Past Participle)
- धारयितव्य (dhārayitavya) (Causative Gerundive)
- Derived Nominal Forms
- Prefixed Root Forms
- अभिधृ (abhidhṛ)
- अवधृ (avadhṛ)
- आधृ (ādhṛ)
- उद्धृ (uddhṛ)
- उपधृ (upadhṛ)
- निधृ (nidhṛ)
- परिधृ (paridhṛ)
- प्रधृ (pradhṛ)
- विधृ (vidhṛ)
- संधृ (saṃdhṛ)
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “धृ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 519, column 1.
- William Dwight Whitney (1885) The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 84
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “dhṛ”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “DHAR”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 778-9
- Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “dhar”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 156-7