फल

See also: फल्, फूल, फलो, फालौ, फलों, फूलो, and फूलों

Hindi

Etymology

    Etymology tree
    Proto-Dravidian *paẓambor.?
    Sanskrit फल (phala)
    Ashokan Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala)
    Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala)
    Hindi फल (phal)

    Inherited from Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Sanskrit फल (phála), commonly considered a borrowing from Proto-Dravidian *paẓam (“ripe fruit”). Cognate with Gujarati ફળ (phaḷ), Nepali फल (phal), Marathi फळ (phaḷ), Marwari फळ (phaḷ).

    Pronunciation

    • (Delhi) IPA(key): /pʰəl/, [pʰɐl]
    • Rhymes: -əl

    Noun

    फल • (phal) m (Urdu spelling پھل)

    1. fruits
      वह पक्का फल खाने में अच्छा था।
      vah pakkā phal khāne mẽ acchā thā.
      The ripe fruit was good to eat.
    2. result, outcome
      Synonym: परिणाम (pariṇām)
      उसने अपने परिश्रम के फल का उपभोग किया।
      usne apne pariśram ke phal kā upbhog kiyā.
      He enjoyed the results of his labor.

    Declension

    Declension of फल (masc cons-stem)
    singular plural
    direct फल
    phal     		फल
    phal
    oblique फल
    phal     		फलों
    phalõ
    vocative फल
    phal     		फलो
    phalo

    References

    • Bahri, Hardev (1989) “फल”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
    • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “phála”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

    Nepali

    Etymology 1

      Etymology tree
      Proto-Dravidian *paẓambor.?
      Sanskrit फल (phala)
      Ashokan Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala)
      Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala)
      Nepali फल (phal)

      Inherited from Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Sanskrit फल (phala), possibly borrowed from Proto-Dravidian *paẓam.

      Pronunciation

      Noun

      फल • (phal)

      1. fruit
      2. reward

      Etymology 2

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): [pʰʌlʌ]
      • Phonetic Devanagari: फलअ

      Verb

      फल • (phala)

      1. second-person mid respect singular imperative of फल्नु (phalnu)

      References

      • “फल”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary]‎[2], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
      • Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “फल”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar

      Old Awadhi

      Etymology

        Etymology tree
        Proto-Dravidian *paẓambor.?
        Sanskrit फल (phala)
        Ashokan Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala)
        Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala)
        Old Awadhi फल (phala)

        Inherited from Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Sanskrit फल (phala), possibly borrowed from Proto-Dravidian *paẓam.

        Noun

        फल (phala)

        1. fruit
          • c. 1500s CE, Tulsīdās, Hanumān Cālīsā:
            बरनउँ रघुबर बिमल जसु जो दायकु फल चारि
            baranaüm̐ raghubara bimala jasu jo dāyaku phala cāri
            I describe the unblemished glory of Rama, which bestows the four fruits

        Old Gujarati

        Etymology

          Etymology tree
          Proto-Dravidian *paẓambor.?
          Sanskrit फल (phala)
          Ashokan Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala)
          Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala)
          Old Gujarati फल (phala)

          Inherited from Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Sanskrit फल (phala), possibly borrowed from Proto-Dravidian *paẓam.

          Noun

          फल • (phala) n

          1. fruit
          2. result, outcome

          Descendants

          • Gujarati: ફળ (phaḷ)
          • Rajasthani:

          References

          Pali

          Alternative forms

          Alternative scripts
          • phala (Latin script)
          • 𑀨𑀮 (Brahmi script)
          • ফল (Bengali script)
          • ඵල (Sinhalese script)
          • ဖလ or ၽလ (Burmese script)
          • ผล or ผะละ (Thai script)
          • ᨹᩃ (Tai Tham script)
          • ຜລ or ຜະລະ (Lao script)
          • ផល (Khmer script)
          • 𑄜𑄣 (Chakma script)

          Noun

          फल n

          1. Devanagari script form of phala

          Declension

          Declension table of "फल" (neuter)
          Case \ NumberSingularPlural
          Nominative (first)फलं (phalaṃ)फलानि (phalāni)
          Accusative (second)फलं (phalaṃ)फलानि (phalāni)
          Instrumental (third)फलेन (phalena)फलेहि (phalehi) or फलेभि (phalebhi)
          Dative (fourth)फलस्स (phalassa) or फलाय (phalāya) or फलत्थं (phalatthaṃ)फलानं (phalānaṃ)
          Ablative (fifth)फलस्मा (phalasmā) or फलम्हा (phalamhā) or फला (phalā)फलेहि (phalehi) or फलेभि (phalebhi)
          Genitive (sixth)फलस्स (phalassa)फलानं (phalānaṃ)
          Locative (seventh)फलस्मिं (phalasmiṃ) or फलम्हि (phalamhi) or फले (phale)फलेसु (phalesu)
          Vocative (calling)फल (phala)फलानि (phalāni)

          Rajbanshi

          Etymology

            Etymology tree
            Proto-Dravidian *paẓambor.?
            Sanskrit फल (phala)
            Ashokan Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala)
            Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala)
            Rajbanshi फल

            Inherited from Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Sanskrit फल (phala), possibly borrowed from Proto-Dravidian *paẓam.

            Noun

            फल (phal) (classifier ड, plural फलला)

            1. fruit

            Sanskrit

            Alternative scripts

            Alternative scripts
            • ফল (Assamese script)
            • ᬨᬮ (Balinese script)
            • ফল (Bengali script)
            • 𑰣𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
            • 𑀨𑀮 (Brahmi script)
            • ဖလ (Burmese script)
            • ફલ (Gujarati script)
            • ਫਲ (Gurmukhi script)
            • 𑌫𑌲 (Grantha script)
            • ꦦꦭ (Javanese script)
            • 𑂤𑂪 (Kaithi script)
            • ಫಲ (Kannada script)
            • ផល (Khmer script)
            • ຜລ (Lao script)
            • ഫല (Malayalam script)
            • ᡦᠠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
            • 𑘣𑘩 (Modi script)
            • ᠹᠠᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
            • 𑧃𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
            • 𑐦𑐮 (Newa script)
            • ଫଲ (Odia script)
            • ꢧꢭ (Saurashtra script)
            • 𑆦𑆬 (Sharada script)
            • 𑖣𑖩 (Siddham script)
            • ඵල (Sinhalese script)
            • 𑩱𑩽 (Soyombo script)
            • 𑚟𑚥 (Takri script)
            • ப²ல (Tamil script)
            • ఫల (Telugu script)
            • ผล (Thai script)
            • ཕ་ལ (Tibetan script)
            • 𑒤𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
            • 𑨟𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)

            Etymology

              Etymology tree
              Proto-Dravidian *paẓambor.?
              Sanskrit फल (phala)

              Uncertain. Often considered a borrowing from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *paẓam (“ripe fruit”), from *paẓV- (“to ripen, become mature”) (compare Tamil பழம் (paḻam), Malayalam പഴം (paḻaṁ), Telugu పండు (paṇḍu) and Kannada ಹಣ್ಣು (haṇṇu)). However, Mayrhofer says nothing speaks for that and instead groups it with the family of words derived from the root फल् (phal, “to coagulate, become thick”). It might derive from Proto-Indo-European *(s)bʰel- (“to swell”) (with devoicing due to Siebs's law with an s-mobile).[1]

              Pronunciation

              Noun

              फल • (phála) stem, n [2]

              1. fruit
                इदं फलम् मदीयम्। ― idaṃ phalam madīyam. ― This fruit is mine.
                बालिका वानरेभ्यः फलानि यच्छति। ― bālikā vānarebhyaḥ phalāni yacchati. ― The girl gives fruits to the monkeys.
                Synonyms: सस्य (sasya), प्रसून (prasūna), परीर (parīra), इष्टि (iṣṭi)
              2. kernel or seed of a fruit
                1. nutmeg
              3. profit, gain, reward
                1. interest on capital
                2. compensation
                3. booty
              4. (figuratively) result, yield, consequence, effect, retribution
                Synonyms: परिणाम (pariṇāma), व्युष्टि (vyuṣṭi), सद (sada), भव्य (bhavya)
              5. benefit, enjoyment
              6. (rhetoric) the issue or end of an action
              7. (mathematics) result of a calculation
                1. product or quotient
                2. (mathematics, arithmetics) mean ― The third term in the rule of three or cross-multiplication
              8. (mathematics, geometry) area or superficial contents of a figure
              9. corrective equation
              10. menstrual discharge, menses, periods
                Synonym: प्रसव (prasava)
              11. gift, donation
              12. gameboard
              13. blade (of fan, etc.)
                1. vane, weathervane (of wind mill)
                2. arrowhead
                3. shield
                4. ploughshare
              14. a point or spot on a die

              Declension

              Neuter a-stem declension of फल
              singular dual plural
              nominative फलम् (phálam) फले (phále) फलानि (phálāni)
              फला¹ (phálā¹)
              accusative फलम् (phálam) फले (phále) फलानि (phálāni)
              फला¹ (phálā¹)
              instrumental फलेन (phálena) फलाभ्याम् (phálābhyām) फलैः (phálaiḥ)
              फलेभिः¹ (phálebhiḥ¹)
              dative फलाय (phálāya) फलाभ्याम् (phálābhyām) फलेभ्यः (phálebhyaḥ)
              ablative फलात् (phálāt) फलाभ्याम् (phálābhyām) फलेभ्यः (phálebhyaḥ)
              genitive फलस्य (phálasya) फलयोः (phálayoḥ) फलानाम् (phálānām)
              locative फले (phále) फलयोः (phálayoḥ) फलेषु (pháleṣu)
              vocative फल (phála) फले (phále) फलानि (phálāni)
              फला¹ (phálā¹)
              • ¹Vedic

              Derived terms

              • अफल (aphalá)
              • फलकोश (phalakośa, “scrotum”)
              • फलपाक (phalapāka, “jam”)
              • फलयोग (phalayoga, “reward”)
              • फलरस (phalarasa, “juice”)
              • फलवत् (phalavat, “fruit bearing”)
              • फलसार (phalasāra, “pulp”)
              • फलापण (phalāpaṇa, “fruit shop”)
              • फलावाप्तये (phalāvāptaye, “for attaining the fruit”)
              • फलिन् (phalín)
              • प्रफर्वी (prapharvī́, “voluptuous, lusty girl”)
              • फलक (phálaka, “plank”)
              • फल् (phal, “to obtain, bear fruit”)
              • फाल (phā́la, “ploughshare”)

              Descendants

              Noun

              फल • (phala) stem, m [2]

              1. coral swirl (Wrightia antidysenterica)
                Synonyms: काही (kāhī), शनपर्णी (śanaparṇī), गिरिमल्लिका (girimallikā), कौटज (kauṭaja), वृक्षक (vṛkṣaka), शक्रपादप (śakrapādapa), सङ्ग्राहिन् (saṅgrāhin), वत्सक (vatsaka), वरतिक्त (varatikta), कुटज (kuṭaja), शक्रपर्याय (śakraparyāya), कोहिन् (kohin), शक्र (śakra), भद्रज (bhadraja), वत्साह्वय (vatsāhvaya), तिक्त (tikta), महागन्ध (mahāgandha), कौट (kauṭa), शक्रवृक्ष (śakravṛkṣa), वृक्ष (vṛkṣa), कूटज (kūṭaja), प्रावृषेण्य (prāvṛṣeṇya), कलिङ्ग (kaliṅga), प्रावृष्य (prāvṛṣya), कालिङ्गक (kāliṅgaka), यवफल (yavaphala), पाण्डुरद्रुम (pāṇḍuradruma), कालिङ्ग (kāliṅga)

              Declension

              Masculine a-stem declension of फल
              singular dual plural
              nominative फलः (phalaḥ) फलौ (phalau)
              फला¹ (phalā¹)               		फलाः (phalāḥ)
              फलासः¹ (phalāsaḥ¹)
              accusative फलम् (phalam) फलौ (phalau)
              फला¹ (phalā¹)               		फलान् (phalān)
              instrumental फलेन (phalena) फलाभ्याम् (phalābhyām) फलैः (phalaiḥ)
              फलेभिः¹ (phalebhiḥ¹)
              dative फलाय (phalāya) फलाभ्याम् (phalābhyām) फलेभ्यः (phalebhyaḥ)
              ablative फलात् (phalāt) फलाभ्याम् (phalābhyām) फलेभ्यः (phalebhyaḥ)
              genitive फलस्य (phalasya) फलयोः (phalayoḥ) फलानाम् (phalānām)
              locative फले (phale) फलयोः (phalayoḥ) फलेषु (phaleṣu)
              vocative फल (phala) फलौ (phalau)
              फला¹ (phalā¹)               		फलाः (phalāḥ)
              फलासः¹ (phalāsaḥ¹)
              • ¹Vedic

              References

              1. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 201-2
              2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Monier Williams (1899) “फल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 716, columns 2-3.

              Further reading

              • Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “phala”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
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