僚
See also: 𠆨
| ||||||||
| ||||||||
Translingual
Han character
僚 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+12, 14 strokes, cangjie input 人大金火 (OKCF), four-corner 24296, composition ⿰亻尞)
Derived characters
- 𡒭
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 116, character 25
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1100
- Dae Jaweon: page 248, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 218, character 3
- Unihan data for U+50DA
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 僚 |
|---|
j18875 s05694 |
|
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
|
Characters in the same phonetic series (尞) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 簝 | *reːw, *reːw |
| 潦 | *reːwʔ, *reːws |
| 獠 | *reːwʔ, *ʔr'eːwʔ, *reːw |
| 轑 | *reːwʔ |
| 橑 | *reːwʔ, *reːw |
| 燎 | *rew, *rewʔ, *rews |
| 繚 | *rewʔ, *reːw, *reːwʔ |
| 璙 | *rewʔ, *reːw, *reːws |
| 憭 | *rewʔ, *reːw, *reːwʔ |
| 爒 | *rewʔ, *reːwʔ |
| 僚 | *rewʔ, *reːw |
| 嫽 | *rewʔ, *reːw, *reːws |
| 療 | *rews |
| 膫 | *rews, *reːw |
| 鷯 | *rews, *reːw |
| 遼 | *reːw |
| 撩 | *reːw, *reːwʔ |
| 嘹 | *reːw, *reːw, *reːws |
| 寮 | *reːw |
| 飉 | *reːw |
| 竂 | *reːw |
| 鐐 | *reːw, *reːws |
| 蟟 | *reːw |
| 瞭 | *reːw, *reːwʔ |
| 嶚 | *reːw |
| 镽 | *reːwʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *rewʔ, *reːw): semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 尞.
Pronunciation 1
| simp. and trad. |
僚 | |
|---|---|---|
| 2nd round simp. | 𠆨 | |
| alternative forms | 寮 尞 | |
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): liu4
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): lièu
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6liau
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: liáo
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄠˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: liáo
- Wade–Giles: liao2
- Yale: lyáu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liau
- Palladius: ляо (ljao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: liu4
- Yale: lìuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: liu4
- Guangdong Romanization: liu4
- Sinological IPA (key): /liːu̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liàu
- Hakka Romanization System: liauˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: liau2
- Sinological IPA: /li̯au̯¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: liau
- Sinological IPA: /liau⁵⁵/
- (Changting)
- Changting Pinyin: liao2
- Sinological IPA: /liɔ²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liâu
- Tâi-lô: liâu
- Phofsit Daibuun: liaau
- IPA (Xiamen): /liau²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /liau²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /liau¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /liau²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /liau²³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: liou5 / liao5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: liôu / liâu
- Sinological IPA (key): /liou⁵⁵/, /liau⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien)
Note:
- liou5 - Chaozhou;
- liao5 - Shantou, Jieyang.
- Middle Chinese: lew, ljewX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤew/
- (Zhengzhang): /*rewʔ/, /*reːw/
Definitions
僚
- official; bureaucrat
- 官僚 ― guānliáo ― bureaucrat
- colleague; associate; companion
- 同僚 ― tóngliáo ― colleague; coworker
- a surname
Compounds
Pronunciation 2
| simp. and trad. |
僚 | |
|---|---|---|
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: liǎo
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄠˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: liǎo
- Wade–Giles: liao3
- Yale: lyǎu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: leau
- Palladius: ляо (ljao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /li̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: liu5
- Yale: líuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: liu5
- Guangdong Romanization: liu5
- Sinological IPA (key): /liːu̯¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
僚
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) good; beautiful
- 月出皎兮、佼人僚兮。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Yuè chū jiǎo xī, jiǎorén liǎo xī. [Pinyin]
- The moon comes forth in her brightness;
How lovely is that beautiful lady!
Pronunciation 3
| simp. and trad. |
僚 | |
|---|---|---|
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: lǎo
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: lǎo
- Wade–Giles: lao3
- Yale: lǎu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lao
- Palladius: лао (lao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: lou5
- Yale: lóuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: lou5
- Guangdong Romanization: lou5
- Sinological IPA (key): /lou̯¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
僚
- (historical) alternative form of 䝤 (lǎo, “an ancient tribe in southwestern China”)
Compounds
- 僚人
References
- “僚”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- “Entry #11457”, in 臺灣客語辭典 [Dictionary of Taiwan Hakka] (overall work in Chinese and Hakka), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2022.
- 周存 [Zhōu, Cún], editor (2023), “僚”, in 长汀话词典 CHANGTINGHUA CIDIAN [Dictionary of Changting Dialect] (overall work in Hakka and Mandarin), Guangzhou: 世界图书出版有限公司 [World Book Publishing Co., Ltd.], →ISBN, page 356.
Japanese
Kanji
僚
Readings
- Go-on: りょう (ryō, Jōyō)←れう (reu, historical)
- Kan-on: りょう (ryō, Jōyō)←れう (reu, historical)
- Kun: とも (tomo, 僚)、つかさ (tsukasa, 僚)
Affix
僚 • (ryō)
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 僚 (MC lew|ljewX). Recorded as Middle Korean 료 (lywo) (Yale: lyo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
僚 (eumhun 동료 료 (dongnyo ryo), word-initial (South Korea) 동료 요 (dongnyo yo))
Compounds
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
Han character
僚: Hán Nôm readings: liêu
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.