制約
See also: 制约
Chinese
system; to make; to manufacture system; to make; to manufacture; to control; to regulate |
appointment; agreement; to arrange appointment; agreement; to arrange; to restrict; approximately; weigh | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (制約) | 制 | 約 | |
| simp. (制约) | 制 | 约 | |
| anagram | 約制／约制 | ||
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zai3 joek3
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zhìyuē
- Zhuyin: ㄓˋ ㄩㄝ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhìhyue
- Wade–Giles: chih4-yüeh1
- Yale: jr̀-ywē
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyhiue
- Palladius: чжиюэ (čžijue)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ɥɛ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: zai3 joek3
- Yale: jai yeuk
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzai3 joek8
- Guangdong Romanization: zei3 yêg3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɐi̯³³ jœːk̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chè-iok
- Tâi-lô: tsè-iok
- Phofsit Daibuun: zea'iog
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ iɔk̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡se²¹⁻⁴¹ iɔk̚³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡se¹¹⁻⁵³ iɔk̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ iɔk̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chè-iak
- Tâi-lô: tsè-iak
- Phofsit Daibuun: zea'iag
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ iak̚³²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: zi3 iag4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsì iak
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡si²¹³⁻⁵⁵ iak̚²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
Verb
制約
Synonyms
- 主宰 (zhǔzǎi)
- 主張 / 主张 (zhǔzhāng) (archaic)
- 克制 (kèzhì)
- 克治 (kèzhì) (literary)
- 制壓 / 制压 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
- 制禦 / 制御 (zhìyù) (literary)
- 君 (jūn) (literary)
- 執掌 / 执掌 (zhízhǎng)
- 壓制 / 压制 (yāzhì)
- 壓抑 / 压抑 (yāyì)
- 局 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 局限 (júxiàn)
- 左右 (zuǒyòu)
- 把
- 抑制 (yìzhì)
- 把持 (bǎchí)
- 把控 (bǎkòng)
- 把攬 / 把揽 (bǎlǎn)
- 抵制 (dǐzhì)
- 拘束 (jūshù)
- 按 (àn)
- 按捺 (ànnà) (usually in the negative)
- 控 (literary, or in compounds)
- 控制 (kòngzhì)
- 掌控 (zhǎngkòng)
- 掌握 (zhǎngwò)
- 提控 (tíkòng) (literary)
- 撥弄 / 拨弄 (bōnòng)
- 撙節 / 撙节 (zǔnjié)
- 操控 (cāokòng)
- 操縱 / 操纵 (cāozòng)
- 擺佈 / 摆布 (bǎibù)
- 擺治 / 摆治 (bǎizhì) (regional)
- 支配 (zhīpèi)
- 收斂 / 收敛 (shōuliǎn)
- 束 (literary, or in compounds)
- 束縛 / 束缚 (shùfù)
- 柄 (literary, or in compounds)
- 框 (kuàng)
- 禁錮 / 禁锢 (jìngù) (figurative)
- 積壓 / 积压 (jīyā) (figurative)
- 節制 / 节制 (jiézhì)
- 節撙 / 节撙 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
- 管制 (guǎnzhì)
- 管束 (guǎnshù)
- 約束 / 约束 (yuēshù)
- 統御 / 统御 (tǒngyù) (literary)
- 統治 / 统治 (tǒngzhì)
- 羈束 / 羁束 (jīshù) (literary)
- 裁 (cái) (literary, or in compounds)
- 遏抑 (èyì) (literary)
- 鎮 / 镇 (zhèn)
- 限 (xiàn)
- 限乏 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 限制 (xiànzhì)
- 駕 / 驾 (jià)
- 駕馭 / 驾驭 (jiàyù) (figurative)
Derived terms
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 制 | 約 |
| せい Grade: 5 |
やく Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
制約 • (seiyaku)
Verb
制約する • (seiyaku suru) transitive suru (stem 制約し (seiyaku shi), past 制約した (seiyaku shita))
Conjugation
Conjugation of "制約する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 制約し | せいやくし | seiyaku shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 制約し | せいやくし | seiyaku shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 制約する | せいやくする | seiyaku suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 制約する | せいやくする | seiyaku suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 制約すれ | せいやくすれ | seiyaku sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 制約せよ¹ 制約しろ² |
せいやくせよ¹ せいやくしろ² |
seiyaku seyo¹ seiyaku shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 制約される | せいやくされる | seiyaku sareru | |
| Causative | 制約させる 制約さす |
せいやくさせる せいやくさす |
seiyaku saseru seiyaku sasu | |
| Potential | 制約できる | せいやくできる | seiyaku dekiru | |
| Volitional | 制約しよう | せいやくしよう | seiyaku shiyō | |
| Negative | 制約しない | せいやくしない | seiyaku shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 制約せず | せいやくせず | seiyaku sezu | |
| Formal | 制約します | せいやくします | seiyaku shimasu | |
| Perfective | 制約した | せいやくした | seiyaku shita | |
| Conjunctive | 制約して | せいやくして | seiyaku shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 制約すれば | せいやくすれば | seiyaku sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||