寰

寰	U+5BF0, 寰 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BF0

← 寯
[U+5BEF]

CJK Unified Ideographs

寱 →
[U+5BF1]

Translingual

Han character

寰 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 十田中女 (JWLV), four-corner 3073₂, composition ⿱宀睘)

Derived characters

𤃆, 𪼮

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 292, character 17
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7344
Dae Jaweon: page 579, character 5
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 956, character 2
Unihan data for U+5BF0

Chinese

simp. and trad.		寰
2nd round simp.		环

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 寰
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (睘) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
癏	*kʷraːn
擐	kʷraːn, ɡʷraːns
還	ɡʷraːn, sɢʷan
環	*ɡʷraːn
鬟	*ɡʷraːn
寰	ɡʷraːn, ɡʷeːns
闤	*ɡʷraːn
糫	*ɡʷraːn
圜	ɡʷraːn, ɡʷen
鐶	*ɡʷraːn
轘	ɡʷraːn, ɡʷraːns
澴	*ɡʷraːn
繯	ɡʷraːns, ɡʷeːnʔ
檈	sɢʷan, sɢʷin
儇	*qʰʷen
翾	*qʰʷen
蠉	qʰʷen, qʰʷenʔ
嬛	qʰʷen, qʷen, *ɡʷeŋ
譞	*qʰʷen
懁	*kʷeːns
獧	*kʷeːns
噮	*qʷeːns
彋	ɡʷreːŋ, ɡʷreːŋ
睘	*ɡʷeŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷeːns): semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 睘 (OC *ɡʷeŋ)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): huán (huan²)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): waan⁴
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): huang² / huong²
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khoân / hoân

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: huán
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: huán
  - Wade–Giles: huan²
  - Yale: hwán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwan
  - Palladius: хуань (xuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯än³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: waan⁴
  - Yale: wàahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: waan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wan⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /waːn²¹/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: huang²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: huáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: huong²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huoŋ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khoân
  - Tâi-lô: khuân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qoaan
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰuan²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoân
  - Tâi-lô: huân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoaan
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /huan²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /huan¹³/

Note:

khoân - vernacular;
hoân - literary.

Middle Chinese: hwaen, hwenH

Rime
Character	寰	寰
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	刪 (70)	先 (86)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	II	IV
Fanqie	戸關切	黃練切
Baxter	hwaen	hwenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠuan/	/ɦwen^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷᵚan/	/ɦʷen^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɐn/	/ɣuɛn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwaɨn/	/ɦwɛn^H/
Li Rong	/ɣuan/	/ɣuen^H/
Wang Li	/ɣwan/	/ɣiwen^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣwan/	/ɣiwen^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huán	xuàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	waan⁴	jyun⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷraːn/, /*ɡʷeːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	寰	寰
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	16233	16256
Phonetic component	睘	睘
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	還
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷraːn/	/*ɡʷeːns/
Notes	見穀樑傳	古文縣字

Definitions

寰

Extensive region

Compounds

人寰 (rénhuán)
塵寰 / 尘寰 (chénhuán)
威震寰宇
寰內 / 寰内
寰區 / 寰区
寰域
寰宇 (huányǔ)
寰宇記 / 寰宇记
慘絕人寰 / 惨绝人寰 (cǎnjuérénhuán)
撒手人寰 (sāshǒurénhuán)
撒手塵寰 / 撒手尘寰 (sāshǒuchénhuán)
游戲塵寰 / 游戏尘寰
瀛寰 (yínghuán)
譽滿寰中 / 誉满寰中

References

莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “寰”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 93.

Japanese

Kanji

寰

(Hyōgai kanji)

world; land

Readings

Go-on: げん (gen)^{←げん (gen, historical)}^{←ぐゑん (gwen, ancient)}
Kan-on: かん (kan)^{←くわん (kwan, historical)}

Compounds

寰(かん)域(いき) (kan'iki)
寰(かん)宇(う) (kan'u)
寰(かん)瀛(えい) (kan'ei)
寰(かん)界(かい) (kankai)
寰(かん)海(かい) (kankai)
寰(かん)観(かん) (kankan)
寰(かん)極(きょく) (kankyoku)
寰(かん)区(く) (kanku)
寰(かん)中(ちゅう) (kanchū)
寰(かん)甸(でん) (kanden)
寰(かん)土(ど) (kando)
寰(かん)内(ない) (kannai)
宇(う)寰(かん) (ukan)
瀛(えい)寰(かん) (eikan)
畿(き)寰(かん) (kikan)
区(く)寰(かん) (kukan)
人(じん)寰(かん) (jinkan)
塵(じん)寰(かん) (jinkan)
仙(せん)寰(かん) (senkan)
通(つう)寰(かん) (tsūkan)
民(みん)寰(かん) (minkan)

References

白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014) “寰”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎^[1] (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

寰 (eum 환 (hwan))

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Vietnamese

Han character

寰: Hán Nôm readings: hoàn

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation