尋常

See also: 寻常

Chinese

		length unit equal to 8 chi	length unit equal to 16 chi
trad. (尋常)		尋	常
simp. (寻常)		寻	常

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xúncháng

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄣˊ ㄔㄤˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cam⁴ soeng⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sîm-siông / sîm-siâng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xúncháng
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄣˊ ㄔㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syúncháng
  - Wade–Giles: hsün²-chʻang²
  - Yale: syún-cháng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyuncharng
  - Palladius: сюньчан (sjunʹčan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕyn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: cam⁴ soeng⁴
  - Yale: chàhm sèuhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsam⁴ soeng⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: cem⁴ sêng⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐm²¹ sœːŋ²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sîm-siông
  - Tâi-lô: sîm-siông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: simsioong
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /sim²⁴⁻²² siɔŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sîm-siâng
  - Tâi-lô: sîm-siâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: simsiaang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /sim¹³⁻²² siaŋ¹³/

Middle Chinese: zim dzyang

Rime
Character	尋	常
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	邪 (17)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	侵 (139)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	徐林切	市羊切
Baxter	zim	dzyang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ziɪm/	/d͡ʑɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/zim/	/d͡ʑiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/zjem/	/d͡ʑiɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/zim/	/d͡ʑɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/ziəm/	/ʑiaŋ/
Wang Li	/zĭĕm/	/ʑĭaŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/zi̯əm/	/ʑi̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xín	cháng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cam⁴	soeng⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*sə-l[ə]m [d]aŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ljum djaŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	尋	常
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xún	cháng
Middle Chinese	‹ zim ›	‹ dzyang ›
Old Chinese	/*sə-l[ə]m/	/*[d]aŋ/
English	measure of 8 chǐ 尺	constant
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	尋	常
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	14127	11152
Phonetic component	尋	尚
Rime group	侵	陽
Rime subdivision	3	0
Corresponding MC rime	尋	常
Old Chinese	/*ljum/	/*djaŋ/
Notes	象度兩臂間距，說文加彡聲

Adjective

尋常

ordinary; common
超乎尋常／超乎寻常 ― chāohū xúncháng ― to be extraordinary; to be exceptional
- 憂樂本空唯心在，釋迦原來尋常人。 [Korean Literary Sinitic, trad.]
  From: 《獄中感懷》, Han Yong'un, 1900s
  우락본공유심재 석가원래심상인
  U rak bon gong yu sim jae, Seokga wollae simsang in. [Sino-Korean]
  Grief and joy are emptiness at heart, only the mind exists; the Buddha was originally but an ordinary man.
(Classical) short (in distance)

Synonyms

(ordinary):

edit

一般 (yībān)
一般子 (i⁶ ban¹ zr) (Xiang)
俗 (Xiamen Hokkien)
凡庸 (fányōng)
對頭 / 对头 (chiefly in the negative)
平凡 (píngfán)
平常 (píngcháng)
平庸 (píngyōng)
平板 (píngbǎn)
平淡 (píngdàn)
普通 (pǔtōng)
正常 (zhèngcháng)
泛泛 (fànfàn)
簡單 / 简单 (jiǎndān)
通常 (tōngcháng)

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “ordinary”): 奇特 (qítè), 特別／特别 (tèbié), 特殊 (tèshū)

Derived terms

不走尋常路 / 不走寻常路 (bù zǒu xúncháng lù)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (尋常):

→ Japanese: 尋(じん)常(じょう) (jinjō)
→ Korean: 심상(尋常) (simsang)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
尋	常
じん Grade: S	じょう Grade: 5
goon

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) じんじょー [jìńjóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [d͡ʑĩɲ̟d͡ʑo̞ː]

Adjective

尋(じん)常(じょう) • (jinjō) ^{←じんじやう (zinzyau)^?}-na (adnominal 尋(じん)常(じょう)な (jinjō na), adverbial 尋(じん)常(じょう)に (jinjō ni))

Inflection

Inflection of 尋常

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	尋常だろ	じんじょうだろ	jinjō daro
Continuative (連用形)	尋常で	じんじょうで	jinjō de
Terminal (終止形)	尋常だ	じんじょうだ	jinjō da
Attributive (連体形)	尋常な	じんじょうな	jinjō na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	尋常なら	じんじょうなら	jinjō nara
Imperative (命令形)	尋常であれ	じんじょうであれ	jinjō de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	尋常ではない尋常じゃない	じんじょうではないじんじょうじゃない	jinjō de wa nai jinjō ja nai
Informal past	尋常だった	じんじょうだった	jinjō datta
Informal negative past	尋常ではなかった尋常じゃなかった	じんじょうではなかったじんじょうじゃなかった	jinjō de wa nakatta jinjō ja nakatta
Formal	尋常です	じんじょうです	jinjō desu
Formal negative	尋常ではありません尋常じゃありません	じんじょうではありませんじんじょうじゃありません	jinjō de wa arimasen jinjō ja arimasen
Formal past	尋常でした	じんじょうでした	jinjō deshita
Formal negative past	尋常ではありませんでした尋常じゃありませんでした	じんじょうではありませんでしたじんじょうじゃありませんでした	jinjō de wa arimasen deshita jinjō ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	尋常で	じんじょうで	jinjō de
Conditional	尋常なら（ば）	じんじょうなら（ば）	jinjō nara (ba)
Provisional	尋常だったら	じんじょうだったら	jinjō dattara
Volitional	尋常だろう	じんじょうだろう	jinjō darō
Adverbial	尋常に	じんじょうに	jinjō ni
Degree	尋常さ	じんじょうさ	jinjōsa

Noun

尋(じん)常(じょう) • (jinjō) ^{←じんじやう (zinzyau)^?}

commonness
Synonyms: あたりまえ (atarimae), 通常 (tsūjō), 並み (nami), 普通 (futsū)
grace
fairness
(historical) clipping of 尋常小学校 (jinjō shōgakkō, “ordinary elementary school”)

Derived terms

尋(じん)常(じょう)一(いち)様(よう) (jinjō ichiyō)
尋(じん)常(じょう)科(か) (jinjō-ka)
尋(じん)常(じょう)高(こう)等(とう)小(しょう)学(がっ)校(こう) (jinjō kōtō shōgakkō)
尋(じん)常(じょう)茶(さ)飯(はん) (jinjō sahan)
尋(じん)常(じょう)小(しょう)学(がっ)校(こう) (jinjō shōgakkō): Meiji-era term for early primary school, contrasted with 高(こう)等(とう)小(しょう)学(がっ)校(こう) (kōtō shōgakkō)
尋(じん)常(じょう)葉(よう) (jinjō-yō)

References

^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
尋	常

Noun

尋常 • (simsang) (hangeul 심상)

hanja form^? of 심상

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
尋	常

Adjective

尋常

chữ Hán form of tầm thường (“commonplace; mediocre; trivial; ordinary”)

[SMK5-1] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-3] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

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