汽

汽	U+6C7D, 汽 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C7D

← 汼
[U+6C7C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

汾 →
[U+6C7E]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

汽 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 水人一弓 (EOMN), four-corner 3811₇, composition ⿰氵气)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 609, character 6
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17177
Dae Jaweon: page 1002, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1566, character 4
Unihan data for U+6C7D

Chinese

simp. and trad.		汽

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 汽
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (气) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
愾	kʰɯːds, qʰɯds
忾	*qʰrɯl
刏	kɯl, ɡɯl, *kuːls
汽	*kʰɯds
氣	kʰɯds, qʰɯds
气	*kʰɯds
忥	*qʰɯds
餼	*qʰɯds
鎎	*qʰɯds
熂	*qʰɯds
霼	*qʰɯds
犔	*qʰɯds

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰɯds): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 气 (OC *kʰɯds).

Alternatively, an Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 氵 (“water”) + 气 (“air”) - steam. Quite possibly both of these origins could be true, out of convenience.

Etymology 1

From 氣／气 (qì).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): qì (qi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): qi⁴

(Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): qī

(Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): qī

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): чи (či, III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hei³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): hei¹
Gan (Wiktionary): qi³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): hi

(Hailu, HRS): hi^ˇ

(Meixian, Guangdong): hi⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): qi³
Northern Min (KCR): ki̿
Eastern Min (BUC): ké
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ki⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): khì

(Teochew, Peng'im): ki³

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): ki³
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵chi
- (Jinhua): ⁵chi
Xiang
(Changsha, Wiktionary): qi⁴

(Loudi, Wiktionary): qi⁴

(Hengyang, Wiktionary): qi⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qì
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cì
  - Wade–Giles: chʻi⁴
  - Yale: chì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chih
  - Palladius: ци (ci)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: qi⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ki
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin: qī
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
- (Nanjing)
  - Nanjing Pinyin: qī
  - Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): qi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: чи (či, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: hei³
  - Yale: hei
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hei³
  - Guangdong Romanization: héi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hei̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: hei¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hei³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: qi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hi
  - Hakka Romanization System: hi
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /hi⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: hi^ˇ
  - Sinological IPA: /hi¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: hi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /hi⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: qi³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ki̿
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰi³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ké
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɛi²¹³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ki⁴
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ki̍
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰi⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khì
  - Tâi-lô: khì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qix
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰi²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰi⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰi²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰi¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰi²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ki³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khì
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰi²¹³/
- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: ki³
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi²¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Ningbo)
  - Wugniu: ⁵chi
  - MiniDict: chi^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²qi
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰi³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡ɕʰi⁵²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ⁵chi
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: qi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵/
- (Loudi)
  - Wiktionary: qi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
- (Hengyang)
  - Wiktionary: qi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi³²⁴/

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰɯds/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	汽
Reading #	1/1
No.	10139
Phonetic component	气
Rime group	隊
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*kʰɯds/

Definitions

汽

gas (matter in an intermediate state between liquid and plasma)
steam; water vapor

Synonyms

(steam):

edit

哈氣 / 哈气 (ha¹ qi³) (Jin, Harbin Mandarin)
寡水子氣 / 寡水子气 (gua^2-1 sui² zeh qi³) (Jin)
水氣 / 水气 (shuǐqì)
水汽 (shuǐqì)
水蒸氣 / 水蒸气 (shuǐzhēngqì)
蒸汽 (zhēngqì)

Compounds

公共汽車 / 公共汽车 (gōnggòng qìchē)
出租汽車 / 出租汽车 (chūzū qìchē)
水汽 (shuǐqì)
汽力 (qìlì)
汽化 (qìhuà)
汽化器 (qìhuàqì)
汽化熱 / 汽化热
汽壓 / 汽压
汽標 / 汽标 (Qìbiāo)
汽機 / 汽机 (qìjī)
汽水 (qìshuǐ)
汽油 (qìyóu)
汽油引擎
汽油燈 / 汽油灯
汽燈 / 汽灯 (qìdēng)
汽發 / 汽发 (Qìfā)
汽笛 (qìdí)
汽缸 (qìgāng)
汽船 (qìchuán)
汽艇 (qìtǐng)
汽表
汽車 / 汽车 (qìchē)
汽車保險 / 汽车保险
汽車旅館 / 汽车旅馆 (qìchē lǚguǎn)
汽車租賃 / 汽车租赁 (qìchē zūlìn)
汽車美容 / 汽车美容
汽輪機 / 汽轮机 (qìlúnjī)
汽輾 / 汽辗
汽酒 (qìjiǔ)
汽鍋 / 汽锅
汽電共生 / 汽电共生
無鉛汽油 / 无铅汽油
蒸汽 (zhēngqì)
蒸汽機 / 蒸汽机 (zhēngqìjī)
蒸汽船 (zhēngqìchuán)
蹼輪汽船 / 蹼轮汽船
開汽水 / 开汽水 (kāi qìshuǐ)
雙頭汽鍋 / 双头汽锅
飽和蒸汽 / 饱和蒸汽
高級汽油 / 高级汽油

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qì (qi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ngat⁶ / hat¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ki̍t

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qì
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cì
  - Wade–Giles: chʻi⁴
  - Yale: chì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chih
  - Palladius: ци (ci)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ngat⁶ / hat¹
  - Yale: ngaht / hāt
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ngat⁹ / hat⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: nged⁶ / hed¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɐt̚²/, /hɐt̚⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ki̍t
  - Tâi-lô: ki̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kit
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kit̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kit̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kit̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kit̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kit̚⁴/

Definitions

汽

alternative form of 汔 (qì, “to dry; nearly”)
(historical dictionaries only) to tear (to produce tears)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yǐ (yi³)

(Zhuyin): ㄧˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yǐ
  - Wade–Giles: i³
  - Yale: yǐ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yii
  - Palladius: и (i)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i²¹⁴/

Definitions

汽

(historical dictionaries only) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of 汽 – see 𧰙. (This character is a variant form of 𧰙).

Japanese

Kanji

汽

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

steam, vapour
nearly

Readings

Go-on: け (ke)
Kan-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
Kun: みずけ (mizuke, 汽)^{←みづけ (miduke, みづけ, historical)}、ゆげ (yuge, 汽)

As variant kanji for 汔:

Go-on: こち (kochi)
Kan-on: きつ (kitsu)
Kun: ちかい (chikai, 汽い)、ほとんど (hotondo, 汽ど)

Compounds

汽(き)圧(あつ) (kiatsu)
汽缶(きかん) (kikan)
汽機(きき) (kiki)
汽車(きしゃ) (kisha)
汽章(きしょう) (Kishō)
汽(き)水(すい) (kisui)
汽船(きせん) (kisen)
汽走(きそう) (kisō)
汽(き)鎚(づち) (kizuchi)
汽艇(きてい) (kitei)
汽(き)笛(てき) (kiteki)
汽(き)力(りょく) (kiryoku)
蒸汽(じょうき) (jōki)
汽(チー)鍋(グオ) (chīguo)

Kanji in this term
汽
き Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [kʲi]

Affix

汽(き) • (ki)

steam; vapor

Korean

Etymology 1

Hanja

汽 (eumhun 김 기 (gim gi))

hanja form^? of 기 (“steam; vapour”)

Compounds

기차 (汽車, gicha, “train”)
기선 (汽船, giseon, “steamship; steamboat”)

Etymology 2

Hanja

汽 (eumhun 거의 흘 (geoui heul))

alternative form of 汔 (“hanja form^? of 흘 (“nearly”)”)

Vietnamese

Han character

汽: Hán Nôm readings: khí

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.