汽車
See also: 汽车
Chinese
steam; vapour | vehicle on land; car; machine vehicle on land; car; machine; to shape with a lathe | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (汽車) | 汽 | 車 | |
simp. (汽车) | 汽 | 车 |
Etymology
Senses 1 and 2 are a phono-semantic matching of German Kutsche. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): qi3 'ca1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): qi3 ce1
- Northern Min (KCR): ki̿-chiá
- Eastern Min (BUC): ké-chiă
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ki4 cia1
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 5chi-tsho1 / 1chi5-tsho1
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): qi4 che1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: qìchē
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˋ ㄔㄜ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cìche
- Wade–Giles: chʻi4-chʻê1
- Yale: chì-chē
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chihche
- Palladius: цичэ (cičɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: qìchēr
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˋ ㄔㄜㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cìcher
- Wade–Giles: chʻi4-chʻê1-ʼrh
- Yale: chì-chēr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chihche'l
- Palladius: цичэр (cičɛr)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤɻ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: qi4 ce1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kice
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹³ t͡sʰɛ⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: hei3 ce1
- Yale: hei chē
- Cantonese Pinyin: hei3 tse1
- Guangdong Romanization: héi3 cé1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hei̯³³ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: hei1 cie1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hei³³ t͡sʰiɛ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hi-chhâ
- Hakka Romanization System: hi caˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: hi4 ca1
- Sinological IPA: /hi⁵⁵ t͡sʰa²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: hiˇ chaˋ
- Sinological IPA: /hi¹¹ t͡ʃʰa⁵³/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: hi4 ca1
- Sinological IPA: /hi⁵³ t͡sʰa⁴⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ki̿-chiá
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰi³³ t͡sʰia⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ki4 cia1 [Phonetic: ki1 lia1]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ki̍-chia
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰi⁴²⁻⁵⁵ (t͡sʰ-)lia⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ki4 cia1 [Phonetic: ki1 lia1]
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰi⁴²⁻⁵⁵ (t͡sʰ-)lia⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Kinmen, Magong, Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khì-chhia
- Tâi-lô: khì-tshia
- Phofsit Daibuun: qiechiaf
- IPA (Kinmen): /kʰi¹²⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰi²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰi⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sʰia³³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ki3 cia1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khì tshia
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰi²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰia³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Kinmen, Magong, Taichung)
- Wu
- Xiang
Noun
汽車
- automobile; motor vehicle; car (Classifier: 輛/辆 m; 臺/台 m; 架 c; 隻/只 mn-t)
- bus; coach (Classifier: 輛/辆 m; 臺/台 m; 架 c)
- (obsolete) train
- 鐵路之汽車,始極粗惡,繼漸改良。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 1905 August 13, 陳天華 (Chen Tianhua), 《紀東京留學生歡迎孫君逸仙事》
- Tiělù zhī qìchē, shǐ jí cū'è, jì jiàn gǎiliáng. [Pinyin]
- The steam-powered vehicles on the railway were initially very rough and crude, and were gradually improved over time.
铁路之汽车,始极粗恶,继渐改良。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]- 汽車,俗稱火車,又稱火輪車。其製以汽機為原動力,曳引客車、貨車行駛於鐵路之上。其裝設汽機之車,謂之機關車,俗稱車頭。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 1916, 徐珂 (Xu Ke), 《清稗類鈔》
- Qìchē, súchēng huǒchē, yòuchēng huǒlúnchē. Qí zhì yǐ qìjī wèi yuándònglì, yèyǐn kèchē, huòchē xíngshǐ yú tiělù zhī shàng. Qí zhuāngshè qìjī zhī chē, wèi zhī jīguān chē, súchēng chētóu. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
汽车,俗称火车,又称火轮车。其制以汽机为原动力,曳引客车、货车行驶于铁路之上。其装设汽机之车,谓之机关车,俗称车头。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Synonyms
- (car):
Dialectal synonyms of 汽車 (“car, motor vehicle”) [map]
- (bus):
Dialectal synonyms of 公共汽車 (“(public) bus”) [map]
Derived terms
- 公共汽車 / 公共汽车 (gōnggòng qìchē)
- 出租汽車 / 出租汽车 (chūzū qìchē)
- 大眾汽車 / 大众汽车 (Dàzhòng Qìchē)
- 小汽車 / 小汽车
- 旅宿汽車 / 旅宿汽车 (lǚsù qìchē)
- 汽車保險 / 汽车保险
- 汽車夫 / 汽车夫 (qìchēfū)
- 汽車旅館 / 汽车旅馆 (qìchē lǚguǎn)
- 汽車租賃 / 汽车租赁 (qìchē zūlìn)
- 汽車站 / 汽车站 (qìchēzhàn)
- 汽車美容 / 汽车美容
- 汽車路 / 汽车路
- 汽車電影院 / 汽车电影院
- 汽配 (qìpèi)
- 自動駕駛汽車 / 自动驾驶汽车 (zìdòng jiàshǐ qìchē)
- 運動型多用途汽車 / 运动型多用途汽车 (yùndòngxíng duōyòngtú qìchē)
- 長途汽車 / 长途汽车 (chángtú qìchē)
Descendants
Further reading
- “汽車”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
Japanese
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
汽 | 車 |
き Grade: 2 |
しゃ Grade: 1 |
on'yomi |
Pronunciation
Noun
汽車 • (kisha)
See also
References
Korean
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
汽 | 車 |
Noun
汽車 • (gicha) (hangeul 기차)