羲

See also: 義 and 羛

羲	U+7FB2, 羲 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7FB2

← 羱
[U+7FB1]

CJK Unified Ideographs

羳 →
[U+7FB3]

Translingual

Han character

羲 (Kangxi radical 123, 羊+10, 16 strokes, cangjie input 廿土竹木尸 (TGHDS), four-corner 8025₃, composition ⿱𦍌⿹⿰禾戈丂)

breath, vapor

Derived characters

曦, 㰕, 犧

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 953, character 40
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28552
Dae Jaweon: page 1398, character 28
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3137, character 13
Unihan data for U+7FB2

Chinese

simp. and trad.		羲

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 羲
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (我) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
莪	*ŋaːl
哦	*ŋaːl
娥	*ŋaːl
峨	*ŋaːl
峩	*ŋaːl
鵝	*ŋaːl
俄	*ŋaːl
蛾	ŋaːl, ŋralʔ
睋	*ŋaːl
涐	*ŋaːl
誐	*ŋaːl
硪	ŋaːl, ŋaːlʔ
我	*ŋaːlʔ
騀	*ŋaːlʔ
餓	*ŋaːls
義	*ŋrals
儀	*ŋral
轙	ŋral, ŋralʔ
檥	ŋral, ŋralʔ
蟻	*ŋralʔ
艤	*ŋralʔ
礒	*ŋralʔ
羛	ŋralʔ, hŋral
議	*ŋrals
犧	*hŋral
曦	*hŋral
羲	*hŋral

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hŋral): semantic 兮 + phonetic 義 (OC *ŋrals).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xī (xi¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hei¹
Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): hi¹
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hi¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hi

(Teochew, Peng'im): hi¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹shi

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xī
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: si
  - Wade–Giles: hsi¹
  - Yale: syī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
  - Palladius: си (si)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: hei¹
  - Yale: hēi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hei¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: héi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hei̯⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: hi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /hi⁴⁴/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hi¹
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hi⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hi⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hi
  - Tâi-lô: hi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hy
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hi⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hi³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hi⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hi⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hi⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hi¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hi³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹shi
  - MiniDict: shi^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹xi
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕi⁵³/

Middle Chinese: xje

Rime
Character	羲
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	支 (13)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	許羈切
Baxter	xje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hˠiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/hᵚiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/xiɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hjiə̆/
Li Rong	/xje/
Wang Li	/xǐe/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hei¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋ̊(r)aj/

(Zhengzhang): /*hŋral/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	羲
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xī
Middle Chinese	‹ xje ›
Old Chinese	/*ŋ̊(r)aj/
English	(proper name)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	羲
Reading #	1/1
No.	13059
Phonetic component	我
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	犧
Old Chinese	/*hŋral/

Definitions

羲

Used in personal names.
short for 伏羲 (Fúxī)
short for 羲和 (xīhé)
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) breath; vapor; gas
alternative form of 曦 (xī)
short for 王之 (Wáng Xīzhī)
a surname

Usage notes

The 丂 (kǎo) component on the lower left side of the character is often mistakenly written as 乃 (nǎi). Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian (《现代汉语规范词典》) specifically proscribes the substitution of 丂 with 乃.

Compounds

伏羲 (Fúxī)
伏羲氏
傾羲 / 倾羲
宓羲 (Fúxī)
庖羲 (Páoxī)
晨羲 (chénxī)
朱羲 (zhūxī)
皇羲
羲和
羲和馭日 / 羲和驭日
羲娥
羲皇
羲皇上人
羲經 / 羲经
赫羲

References

莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “羲”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 252.

Japanese

Kanji

羲

(Hyōgai kanji)

Used in personal names.

Readings

On (unclassified): ぎ (gi)、き (ki)
Kun: いき (iki)

Vietnamese

Han character

羲: Hán Nôm readings: hi

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