苛
| ||||||||
Translingual
Han character
苛 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+5, 9 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 8 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿一弓口 (TMNR), four-corner 44621, composition ⿱艹可)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1022, character 33
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30785
- Dae Jaweon: page 1481, character 23
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3187, character 3
- Unihan data for U+82DB
Chinese
| trad. | 苛 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 苛 | |
| alternative forms | 荷 obsolete | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (可) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 砢 | *ɡ·raːlʔ |
| 柯 | *kaːl |
| 菏 | *kaːl, *ɡaːl |
| 牁 | *kaːl |
| 滒 | *kaːl |
| 哥 | *kaːl |
| 歌 | *kaːl |
| 謌 | *kaːl |
| 鴚 | *kaːl |
| 哿 | *kaːlʔ |
| 舸 | *kaːlʔ |
| 笴 | *kaːlʔ, *kaːnʔ |
| 軻 | *kʰaːl, *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls |
| 珂 | *kʰaːl |
| 可 | *kʰaːlʔ |
| 岢 | *kʰaːlʔ |
| 坷 | *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls |
| 蚵 | *kʰaːls, *ɡaːl |
| 呵 | *qʰaːl, *qʰaːls |
| 訶 | *qʰaːl |
| 抲 | *qʰaːl |
| 荷 | *qʰaːls, *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ |
| 何 | *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ |
| 河 | *ɡaːl |
| 苛 | *ɡaːl |
| 魺 | *ɡaːl |
| 袔 | *ɡaːls |
| 阿 | *qaːl |
| 妸 | *qaːl, *qaːlʔ |
| 疴 | *qaːl, *kʰraːls |
| 鈳 | *qaːl |
| 娿 | *qaːl, *qaːlʔ |
| 痾 | *qaːl |
| 跒 | *kʰraːlʔ |
| 閜 | *qʰraːlʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡaːl): semantic 艹 + phonetic 可 (OC *kʰaːlʔ).
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Eastern Min (BUC): kŏ̤ / kò̤
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): kor1
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: kē
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄜ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ke
- Wade–Giles: kʻo1
- Yale: kē
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ke
- Palladius: кэ (kɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɤ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: hé
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: hé
- Wade–Giles: ho2
- Yale: hé
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: her
- Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xɤ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ho1 / ho4
- Yale: hō / hòh
- Cantonese Pinyin: ho1 / ho4
- Guangdong Romanization: ho1 / ho4
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɔː⁵⁵/, /hɔː²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ho2 / ho4
- Sinological IPA (key): /hᵘɔ⁵⁵/, /hᵘɔ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: kor1
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ko̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɒ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: kor1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɒ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kho͘
- Tâi-lô: khoo
- Phofsit Daibuun: qof
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔ³³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kho
- Tâi-lô: kho
- Phofsit Daibuun: qoy
- IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰo⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰɤ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ko1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kho
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰo³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Middle Chinese: ha
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːl/
Definitions
苛
Compounds
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: hē
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄜ
- Tongyong Pinyin: he
- Wade–Giles: ho1
- Yale: hē
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: he
- Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xɤ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ho1
- Yale: hō
- Cantonese Pinyin: ho1
- Guangdong Romanization: ho1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɔː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
苛
Compounds
- 苛止
- 苛留
Pronunciation 3
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khô
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khô
- Tâi-lô: khô
- Phofsit Daibuun: qooi
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰɤ²³/
- IPA (Taipei): /kʰo²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
Definitions
苛
- (Taiwanese Hokkien) to put on airs; to give oneself airs
- (Taiwanese Hokkien) supercilious; arrogant; haughty; proud
Japanese
Kanji
苛
Readings
- Go-on: が (ga)
- Kan-on: か (ka, Jōyō)
- Kun: いじめる (ijimeru, 苛める)、さいなむ (sainamu, 苛む)、こまかい (komakai)、からい (karai, 苛い)、いらだつ (iradatsu, 苛だつ)
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 苛 (MC ha).
Hanja
Compounds
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.