茅

See also: 泖

茅	U+8305, 茅 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8305

← 茄
[U+8304]

CJK Unified Ideographs

茆 →
[U+8306]

Translingual

Han character

茅 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 廿弓戈竹 (TNIH), four-corner 4422₂, composition ⿱艹矛)

Derived characters

鶜𡹰𦽰𧍟𧓿

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1026, character 4
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30836
Dae Jaweon: page 1485, character 13
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3199, character 1
Unihan data for U+8305

Chinese

trad.		茅
simp. ^#		茅
alternative forms		茆

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (矛) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
堥	muː, mu
蓩	muːʔ, moːɡ
猱	ml'uː, mljiwʔ, *ml'us
茅	*mruː
罞	mruː, muːŋ
蝥	mruː, mu, mo, moɡs
鶜	*mruː
瞀	moːɡs, mroːɡ
愗	*moːɡs
袤	*mus
雺	mus, mu, muːŋ, muːŋs
懋	*mus
楙	*mus
矛	*mu
蟊	*mu
髳	mu, muːŋ
鍪	*mu
鞪	mu, moːɡ
糅	*ml'us
腬	ml'us, mlju
柔	*mlju
揉	*mju
蹂	mju, mjuʔ, *mjus
鍒	*mju
騥	*mju
蝚	*mju
葇	mju, mjuʔ
鞣	mju, mjus
鰇	*mju
瑈	*mju
鶔	*mju
楺	*mjuʔ
煣	mjuʔ, mjus
輮	mjuʔ, mjus
韖	*mjuʔ
敄	moʔ, mos
務	*moɡs
鶩	moɡs, moːɡ
騖	*moɡs
婺	*moɡs
霚	moɡs, moːŋ
嵍	*moɡs
霧	moɡs, moːŋ
霿	moːŋ, moːŋs
楘	*moːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mruː): semantic 艹 (“plant”) + phonetic 矛 (OC *mu).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): máo (mao²)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄠˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): maau⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): mau⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): màu

(Hailu, HRS): mau

(Meixian, Guangdong): mau²
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bao² / mu²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): bâu / mâu / hm̂

(Teochew, Peng'im): mao⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶mau

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: máo
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄠˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: máo
  - Wade–Giles: mao²
  - Yale: máu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mau
  - Palladius: мао (mao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɑʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: maau⁴
  - Yale: màauh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: maau⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: mao⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maːu̯²¹/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: mau⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mau³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: màu
  - Hakka Romanization System: mau^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: mau²
  - Sinological IPA: /mau̯¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: mau
  - Sinological IPA: /mau⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: mau²
  - Sinological IPA: /mau¹¹/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: bao²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: báu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pau¹³/
- (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: bao²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pau²⁴/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: mu²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: mú
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu¹³/

Note:

bao2 - literary;
mu2 - vernacular.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bâu
  - Tâi-lô: bâu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: baau
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /bau²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mâu
  - Tâi-lô: mâu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: maau
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /mãu²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /mãu¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /mãu²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hm̂
  - Tâi-lô: hm̂
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hmm
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hm̩¹³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hm̩²³/
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /hm̩²⁴/

Note:

bâu/mâu - literary;
hm̂ - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: mao⁵
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mâu
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /mau⁵⁵/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶mau
  - MiniDict: mau^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³mau
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mɔ²³/

Middle Chinese: maew

Rime
Character	茅
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	莫交切
Baxter	maew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mˠau/
Pan Wuyun	/mᵚau/
Shao Rongfen	/mau/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/maɨw/
Li Rong	/mau/
Wang Li	/mau/
Bernhard Karlgren	/mau/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	máo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	maau⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.mˤru/

(Zhengzhang): /*mruː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	茅
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	máo
Middle Chinese	‹ mæw ›
Old Chinese	/*C.mˁru/
English	kind of grass; "thatch"
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	茅
Reading #	1/1
No.	8803
Phonetic component	矛
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*mruː/

Definitions

茅

cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica) (often used as thatch)
(obsolete, metonymic) thatched cottage
(obsolete, figurative) Tao
See also: 茅山
(obsolete) clear
(obsolete) to become damaged
(Cantonese, derogatory) not abiding by the rules; cheaty
喂，你咁茅都得嘅？ [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
wai³, nei⁵ gam³ maau⁴ dou¹ dak¹ ge²? [Jyutping]
Hey! How could you cheat like that?

茅招 [Cantonese] ― maau⁴ ziu¹ [Jyutping] ― dishonest tricks

打茅波 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
daa² maau⁴ bo¹ [Jyutping]
to violate rules when playing ball games / to use dishonest tricks (by extension)
alternative form of 旄 (máo)
(historical) an ancient state in modern Shandong
a surname
茅于軾／茅于轼 ― Máo Yúshì ― Mao Yushi

Synonyms

(cogon grass):

edit

白茅 (báimáo)
茅仔草 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
茅根 (máogēn)
茅草 (máocǎo)
茅針 / 茅针 (máozhēn)

Compounds

三茅
三茅山
三顧茅廬 / 三顾茅庐 (sāngùmáolú)
仙茅 (xiānmáo)
分茅 (fēnmáo)
分茅胙土
分茅裂土
列土分茅
初出茅廬 / 初出茅庐 (chūchūmáolú)
前茅
包茅
名列前茅 (mínglièqiánmáo)
土階茅屋 / 土阶茅屋
土階茅茨 / 土阶茅茨
大茅埔
奸茅
打茅波
拔茅連茹 / 拔茅连茹
朴資茅斯
杜茅柴
發茅 / 发茅
白茅 (báimáo)
竹籬茅舍 / 竹篱茅舍
結茅 / 结茅
羊茅 (yángmáo)
茅土
茅坑 (máokēng)
茅坪 (Máopíng)
茅坪場 / 茅坪场 (Máopíngchǎng)
茅塔 (Máotǎ)
茅塞
茅塞頓開 / 茅塞顿开 (máosèdùnkāi)
茅室土階 / 茅室土阶
茅屋 (máowū)
茅山 (Máo Shān)
茅山道士
茅山道法
茅店
茅廁 / 茅厕
茅廁坑 / 茅厕坑
茅廁的磚 / 茅厕的砖
茅廁磚頭 / 茅厕砖头
茅廬 / 茅庐 (máolú)
茅廬三顧 / 茅庐三顾
茅房 (máofáng)
茅柴
茅柴酒
茅椽蓬牖
茅池
茅田 (Máotián)
茅社
茅箭 (Máojiàn)
茅簷 / 茅檐
茅簷土壁 / 茅檐土壁
茅紙 / 茅纸
茅膏菜
茅臺 / 茅台 (Máotái)
茅臺酒 / 茅台酒 (Máotáijiǔ)
茅舍 (máoshè)
茅苫
苞茅
苞茅不貢 / 苞茅不贡
茅草 (máocǎo)
茅茨
茅茹
茅茨不剪
茅茨土階 / 茅茨土阶
茅草棚
茅莓
茅蒲
茅蛇 (máoshé)
茅蜩
茅躉 / 茅趸
茅針 / 茅针 (máozhēn)
茅黍
草茅
草茅之臣
菁茅
蓬茅
藑茅 (qióngmáo)
衡茅
裂土分茅
誅茅 / 诛茅
頓開茅塞 / 顿开茅塞
香茅 (xiāngmáo)
黃茅瘴 / 黄茅瘴

References

“茅”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “茅”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 177.

Japanese

Kanji

茅

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

thatch

Readings

Go-on: みょう (myō)^{←めう (meu, historical)}
Kan-on: ぼう (bō)^{←ばう (bau, historical)}
Kun: かや (kaya, 茅)、ち (chi, 茅)、ちがや (chigaya, 茅)

Compounds

茅花(つばな) (tsubana)
茅蜩(ひぐらし) (higurashi), 茅蜩(ぼうちょう) (bōchō): evening cicada (Tanna japonensis)
茅根(ぼうこん) (bōkon)
茅茨(ぼうし) (bōshi)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
茅
ちがや Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
茅萱、白茅

Noun

茅(ちがや) or 茅(チガヤ) • (chigaya)

cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica)

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary).

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
茅
かや Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
萱

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かや [káꜜyà] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [ka̠ja̠]

Noun

茅(かや) • (kaya)

general term for grasses and sedges used for thatching

Derived terms

茅葺(かやぶ)き (kayabuki)

Korean

Hanja

茅 • (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune–Reischauer mo, Yale mo)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

茅: Hán Nôm readings: mao

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.