華語
See also: 华语
Chinese
flowery; flourishing; magnificent flowery; flourishing; magnificent; your; grey; corona; time; essence; China; Chinese; name of a mountain |
speech; language; dialect speech; language; dialect; tell to | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (華語) | 華 | 語 | |
| simp. (华语) | 华 | 语 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): waa4 jyu5
- Hakka
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: Huáyǔ
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄩˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Huáyǔ
- Wade–Giles: Hua2-yü3
- Yale: Hwá-yǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Hwayeu
- Palladius: Хуаюй (Xuajuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu̯ä³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: waa4 jyu5
- Yale: wàh yúh
- Cantonese Pinyin: waa4 jy5
- Guangdong Romanization: wa4 yu5
- Sinological IPA (key): /waː²¹ jyː¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fà-ngî
- Hakka Romanization System: faˇ ngiˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: fa2 ngi1
- Sinological IPA: /fa¹¹ ŋi²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: fa ngiˋ
- Sinological IPA: /fa⁵⁵ ŋi⁵³/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Philippines, Jinjiang, Penang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hôa-gí
- Tâi-lô: huâ-gí
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoa'gie
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hua²³⁻³³ ɡi⁴¹/
- IPA (Philippines, Jinjiang): /hua²⁴⁻²² ɡi⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Penang): /hua²³⁻²¹ ɡi⁴⁴⁵/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hua¹³⁻²² ɡi⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Penang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hôa-gú
- Tâi-lô: huâ-gú
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoa'guo
- IPA (Xiamen): /hua²⁴⁻²² ɡu⁵³/
- IPA (Penang): /hua²³⁻²¹ ɡu⁴⁴⁵/
- IPA (Taipei): /hua²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡu⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hôa-gír
- Tâi-lô: huâ-gír
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hua²⁴⁻²² ɡɯ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Penang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hôa-ú
- Tâi-lô: huâ-ú
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoa'uo
- IPA (Penang): /hua²³⁻²¹ u⁴⁴⁵/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: hua5 ghe2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huâ gṳ́
- Sinological IPA (key): /hua⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ɡɯ⁵²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Philippines, Jinjiang, Penang)
- Middle Chinese: hwae ngjoX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-qʷʰˤra ŋ(r)aʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷraː ŋaʔ/
Noun
華語
- (chiefly Taiwan, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, Indonesia) Mandarin Chinese; (standard) Chinese
- 你會說華語嗎?/你会说华语吗? ― Nǐ huì shuō huáyǔ ma? ― Do you speak Mandarin?
- 講華語運動 [Singaporean Mandarin, trad.]
- Jiǎng Huáyǔ Yùndòng [Pinyin]
- Speak Mandarin Campaign
讲华语运动 [Singaporean Mandarin, simp.]
- 2015, Li Wei, Multilingualism in the Chinese Diaspora Worldwide: Transnational Connections and Local Social Realities, Routledge, →ISBN, page 209:
- (historical, pre-modern) the language of China (華夏/华夏); Chinese
- 1677, “序 [xù, Preface]”, in 朴通事諺解:
- 自此習華語者不患無良師 [Korean Literary Sinitic, trad.]
- jacha seup hwaeo ja bul hwan mu yangsa [Sino-Korean]
- henceforth, those who learn Chinese need not worry about lacking a good teacher
- 1775, “跋 [bá, Afterword]”, in 譯語類解補:
- 物類有萬方言不一以我人而習華語者苟未能周知而徧解宐有所齟齬而扞格此譯語類解之所由作也 [Korean Literary Sinitic, trad.]
- mullyu u man bang'eon buril i ain i seup hwaeo ja gu mineung juji i pyeonhae ui u so jeoeo i hangyeok cha yeogeo yuhae ji so yu jak ya [Sino-Korean]
- There are myriad types of things, and dialects are diverse. If any of us learns Chinese without being able to fully understand and interpret-it-all, there will probably be some incompatibilities and inconsistencies. This is why yeogeo yuhae is written.
- (Classical) words of praise
Usage notes
- In mainland China, Standard Mandarin is usually called 普通話/普通话 (pǔtōnghuà), while 國語/国语 (guóyǔ) may also be used colloquially, especially in regions where non-Mandarin varieties are spoken.
- In Taiwan, it is often called 國語/国语 (guóyǔ), while 華語/华语 (Huáyǔ) is often used to distinguish it from other national languages, such as 臺語/台语 (Táiyǔ) and 客家語/客家语 (Kèjiāyǔ), or when used in a foreign-facing context.
- In Hong Kong and Macau, it has usually been called 國語/国语, but 普通話/普通话 is becoming more common with further immigration from and integration with mainland China.
Synonyms
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 國語, 中文 |
| Malaysia | 華語, 華文 | |
| Singapore | 華語, 華文 | |
| Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 中國話 | |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 普通話 |
| Oudomxay | 中國話 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 普通話, 普語 |
| Hong Kong | 國語, 普通話 | |
| Macau | 普通話 | |
| Nanning | 普通話 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 華語 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 華語 | |
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 普通話, 國語 dated | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 國語 dated |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 華語 |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 華語 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 華語 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 華語 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 華語 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 華語 | |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 普通話, 國語 dated |
| Sitiawan (Gutian) | 華文 | |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 普通話, 國語 dated |
| Quanzhou | 普通話 | |
| Jinjiang | 國語 | |
| Zhangzhou | 普通話 | |
| Tainan | 華語, 國語 GT | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 華語, 唐儂話 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 華語, 唐儂話 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 國語, 國語話, 華語, 普通話 | |
| Longyan | 普通話 | |
| Chaozhou | 普通話 | |
| Shantou | 普通話 | |
| Shantou (Chaoyang) | 普通話 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 華語, 唐儂話 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 普通閒話 |
| Suzhou | 普通閒話 | |
| Ningbo | 普通閒話 | |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | |
Descendants
See also
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 華 | 語 |
| か Grade: S |
ご Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
Synonyms
References
- ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 “華語”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 華 | 語 |
Noun
華語 • (hwa'eo) (hangeul 화어)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 華 | 語 |
Noun
華語