西班牙

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (西班牙)		西	班	牙
simp. ^#(西班牙)		西	班	牙

Etymology

Borrowed from the word for Spain in a European language; compare English Spain, Spanish España, German Spanien, Latin Hispania. The choice of the final syllable 牙 (yá) is possibly influenced or reinforced by 葡萄牙 (Pútáoyá, “Portugal”).

Attested as early as 1835, in the Eastern Western Monthly Magazine. An earlier similar transcription is 是班呀, attested in 海國聞見錄 [1730] by Chen Lunjiong (陳倫烱).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Xībānyá

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄅㄢㄧㄚˊ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sai¹ baan¹ ngaa⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhai¹ ban¹ nga³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): Sî-pân-ngà

(Hailu, HRS): si^ˋ ban^ˋ nga

(Meixian, Guangdong): xi¹ ban¹ nga²
Eastern Min (BUC): Să̤-băng-ngà
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): se¹ bang¹ gor²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): Se-pan-gâ / Se-pan-gêe / Si-pan-gêe

(Teochew, Peng'im): sai¹ bang¹ ghê⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹shi-pe-nga

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Xībānyá
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄅㄢㄧㄚˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Sibanyá
  - Wade–Giles: Hsi¹-pan¹-ya²
  - Yale: Syī-bān-yá
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shibanya
  - Palladius: Сибанья (Sibanʹja)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵ pän⁵⁵ jä³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: sai¹ baan¹ ngaa⁴
  - Yale: sāi bāan ngàh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sai¹ baan¹ ngaa⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: sei¹ ban¹ nga⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐi̯⁵⁵ paːn⁵⁵ ŋaː²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lhai¹ ban¹ nga³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬai³³ pan³³ ᵑɡa²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Sî-pân-ngà
  - Hakka Romanization System: xi^ˊ ban^ˊ nga^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xi¹ ban¹ nga²
  - Sinological IPA: /si²⁴⁻¹¹ pan²⁴ ŋa¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: si^ˋ ban^ˋ nga
  - Sinological IPA: /si⁵³ pan⁵³ ŋa⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xi¹ ban¹ nga²
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕi⁴⁴ pan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋa¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: Să̤-băng-ngà
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛ⁵⁵⁻²¹ ^(p-)βaŋ⁵⁵ ŋa⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: se¹ bang¹ gor² [Phonetic: se⁵ bang⁵ gor²]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: Sa̤-bang-gó̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬe⁵³³⁻¹¹ paŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ kɒ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: se¹ bang¹ gor² [Phonetic: se⁵ bang⁵ gor²]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬe⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ paŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ kɒ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Se-pan-gâ
  - Tâi-lô: Se-pan-gâ
  - Phofsit Daibuun: se'pan'gaa
  - IPA (Xiamen): /se⁴⁴⁻²² pan⁴⁴⁻²² ɡa²⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /se⁴⁴⁻³³ pan⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡa²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /se⁴⁴⁻³³ pan⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡa²³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /se³³ pan³³ ɡa²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Se-pan-gêe
  - Tâi-lô: Se-pan-gêe
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /se⁴⁴⁻²² pan⁴⁴⁻²² ɡɛ¹³/
- (Hokkien: Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Si-pan-gêe
  - Tâi-lô: Si-pan-gêe
  - IPA (Penang): /si³³⁻²¹ pan³³⁻²¹ ɡɛ²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: sai¹ bang¹ ghê⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sai pang gê
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sai³³⁻²³ paŋ³³⁻²³ ɡe⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹shi-pe-nga
  - MiniDict: shi^平 pe nga
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹xi-pe-nga
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕi⁵⁵ pe³³ ŋa²¹/

Proper noun

西班牙

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)
- 1835 六月, “俠膽”, in Karl Gützlaff, editor, 東西洋考每月統記傳 [Eastern Western Monthly Magazine], page 8:
  
  明朝年間，荷蘭地方，為西班牙之屬國。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  明朝年间，荷兰地方，为西班牙之属国。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  Míngcháo niánjiān, Hélán dìfāng, wéi Xībānyá zhī shǔguó. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1848, 徐繼畬 [Xu Jiyu], editor, 瀛寰志略, volume 10, page 4:
  
  墨西哥本西班牙所改建，故語言文字，與西班牙同。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  墨西哥本西班牙所改建，故语言文字，与西班牙同。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  Mòxīgē běn Xībānyá suǒ gǎijiàn, gù yǔyán wénzì, yǔ Xībānyá tóng. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Synonyms

edit

以西把你亞 / 以西把你亚 (historical)
以西把尼亞 / 以西把尼亚 (historical)
士班雅 (Shìbānyǎ) (historical)
大呂宋 / 大吕宋 (Dàlǚsòng) (historical)
日斯巴尼亞 / 日斯巴尼亚 (Rìsībāníyà) (historical)
日斯巴彌亞 / 日斯巴弥亚 (historical)
是班牙 (Shìbānyá) (historical)
西 (xī) (abbreviation)
西班雅 (historical)

Derived terms

西班牙人 (Xībānyárén)
西班牙凍湯 / 西班牙冻汤 (Xībānyá dòngtāng)
西班牙流感 (Xībānyá liúgǎn)
西班牙港 (Xībānyágǎng)
西班牙烏蠅 / 西班牙乌蝇
西班牙王國 / 西班牙王国 (Xībānyá Wángguó)
西班牙蒼蠅 / 西班牙苍蝇
西班牙語 / 西班牙语 (xībānyáyǔ)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (西班牙):

→ Korean: 서반아(西班牙) (Seobana)
→ Vietnamese: Tây Ban Nha (西班牙)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
西	班	牙
すぺいん
Grade: 2	Grade: 6	Grade: S
jukujikun

Glyph origin

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 西班牙 (Xībānyá).

Etymology

Borrowed from English Spain.

Proper noun

西班牙(スペイン) • (Supein)

obsolete spelling of スペイン: Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)
- 1915 September 8, 旭新聞 (Asahi Shinbun) [The Asahi News], number 3240, page 1:
  […] 坂田通商局長が和蘭若しくは西班牙の公使に、 […]
  chief of the Bureau of Commerce Sakata becomes Dutch or Spanish minister

Korean

Hanja in this term
西	班	牙

Proper noun

西班牙 • (Seobana) (hangeul 서반아)

(obsolete) hanja form^? of 서반아 (“Spain”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
西	班	牙

Proper noun

西班牙

chữ Hán form of Tây Ban Nha (“Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)”)