讖

See also: 谶 and 識

讖	U+8B96, 讖 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8B96

← 讕
[U+8B95]

CJK Unified Ideographs

讗 →
[U+8B97]

Translingual

Han character

讖 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+17, 24 strokes, cangjie input 卜口人戈一 (YROIM), four-corner 0365₀, composition ⿰訁韱)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1187, character 18
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36144
Dae Jaweon: page 1651, character 19
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4032, character 4
Unihan data for U+8B96

Chinese

trad.		讖
simp.		谶

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (韱) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
讖	*sʰrims
攕	*sreːm
櫼	sreːm, ʔsem
懺	*sʰraːms
殲	*ʔsem
瀸	*ʔsem
鑯	*ʔsem
虃	*ʔslem
籤	*sʰem
韯	*sem
纖	*sem
孅	*sem
韱	*sem
襳	sem, srem, *srim

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰrims): semantic 言 (“words; speech; language”) + phonetic 韱 (OC *sem).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chèn (chen⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cam³
Eastern Min (BUC): cháing
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ceng⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhàm

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chèn
  - Wade–Giles: chʻên⁴
  - Yale: chèn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chenn
  - Palladius: чэнь (čɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: cam³
  - Yale: cham
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsam³
  - Guangdong Romanization: cem³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐm³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cháing
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaiŋ²¹³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ceng⁴
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: che̍ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛŋ⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhàm
  - Tâi-lô: tshàm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhaxm
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰam²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰam⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰam²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰam¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰam²¹/

Middle Chinese: tsrhimH

Rime
Character	讖
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	初 (19)
Final (韻)	侵 (140)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	楚譖切
Baxter	tsrhimH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃʰˠiɪm^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚim^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃʰiem^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂʰjim^H/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃʰjəm^H/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃʰĭĕm^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂʰi̯əm^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cam³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*sʰrims/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	讖
Reading #	1/1
No.	1401
Phonetic component	韱
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*sʰrims/

Definitions

讖

text of soothsay
prophecy

Compounds

一語成讖 / 一语成谶 (yīyǔchéngchèn)
圖讖 / 图谶
支讖 / 支谶
符讖 / 符谶
經讖 / 经谶
詩讖 / 诗谶
讖文 / 谶文
讖緯 / 谶纬 (chènwěi)
讖記 / 谶记
讖語 / 谶语 (chènyǔ)
讖語餅 / 谶语饼

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (讖):

→ Vietnamese: sấm (讖)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 讖 – see 懺 (“to repent; to confess on account of repentance”). (This character is a variant form of 懺).

Compounds

讖悔 / 谶悔 (chànhuǐ)

References

“讖”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “谶”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 29.

Japanese

Kanji

讖

(Hyōgai kanji)

a revealing omen

Readings

Go-on: しん (shin)^{←しむ (simu, historical)}
Kan-on: しん (shin)^{←しむ (simu, historical)}
Kun: しるし (shirushi, 讖)、おみくじ (omikuji, 讖)

Compounds

讖(しん)緯(い) (shin'i)
讖(しん)言(げん) (shingen)
讖(しん)語(ご) (shingo)
讖(しん)書(しょ) (shinsho)
讖(しん)文(ぶん) (shinbun), 讖(しん)文(もん) (shinmon)
図(と)讖(しん) (toshin)
符(ふ)讖(しん) (fushin)

Korean

Hanja

讖 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

讖: Hán Việt readings: sấm^[1]^[2]

Noun

讖 • (sấm)

chữ Hán form of sấm (“prophecy”)

References

^ Nguyễn (2014).
^ Trần (2004).