踐

See also: 践

踐	U+8E10, 踐 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8E10

← 踏
[U+8E0F]

CJK Unified Ideographs

踑 →
[U+8E11]

Translingual

Traditional	踐
Shinjitai	践
Simplified	践

Han character

踐 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+8, 15 strokes, cangjie input 口一戈戈 (RMII), four-corner 6315₃, composition ⿰𧾷戔)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1227, character 17
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37608
Dae Jaweon: page 1699, character 20
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3714, character 6
Unihan data for U+8E10

Chinese

trad.		踐
simp.		践

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 踐
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (戔) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
殘	zlaːn, zaːns
戔	*zlaːn
帴	zlaːn, saːns, ʔslenʔ, ʔsleːn, *sreːd
虥	zreːn, zreːn, zreːnʔ, zraːns
盞	*ʔsreːnʔ
醆	ʔsreːnʔ, ʔljenʔ
琖	*ʔsreːnʔ
剗	*sʰreːnʔ
棧	zreːnʔ, zraːns, *zrenʔ
輚	zreːnʔ, zraːns
嶘	*zreːnʔ
錢	ʔslenʔ, zlen
俴	ʔslenʔ, zlenʔ
籛	ʔslenʔ, ʔslens, *ʔsleːn
淺	sʰlenʔ, ʔsleːn
濺	ʔsens, ʔseːn
踐	*zlenʔ
諓	zlenʔ, zlens
餞	zlenʔ, zlens
賤	*zlens
綫	*slens
箋	*ʔsleːn
牋	*ʔsleːn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zlenʔ): semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 戔 (OC *zlaːn).

According to 学研漢和大字典 (Kenkyūsha Kanwa Dai Jiten), the 戔 is also to be interpreted in its meaning of “small” (see 戔戔／戋戋 (jiānjiān)), in which case this character signifies the act of walking in small steps, making it also an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiàn (jian⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cin⁵ / zin⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chhien

(Hailu, HRS): cien^˖
Eastern Min (BUC): ciēng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zeng⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chiān / chiǎn / chán

(Teochew, Peng'im): ziang²
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶zhi / ⁶zie / ⁶jien

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiàn
  - Wade–Giles: chien⁴
  - Yale: jyàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiann
  - Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: cin⁵ / zin⁶
  - Yale: chíhn / jihn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsin⁵ / dzin⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: qin⁵ / jin⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːn¹³/, /t͡siːn²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhien
  - Hakka Romanization System: qien
  - Hagfa Pinyim: qian⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯en⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: cien^˖
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰien³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ciēng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sieŋ³³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zeng⁵
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cēng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛŋ¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zeng⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛŋ²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiān
  - Tâi-lô: tsiān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cien
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɛn⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siɛn³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡siɛn²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiǎn
  - Tâi-lô: tsiǎn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɛn²²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chán
  - Tâi-lô: tsán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zarn
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡san⁵³/

Note:

chiān/chiǎn/chán - literary;
chiān - vernacular (俗, Quanzhou).

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: ziang²
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiáng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siaŋ⁵²/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zhi
  - MiniDict: zhi^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³xxi
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ʑi²³/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zie
  - MiniDict: zie^去
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /zɪ²³¹/
- (Northern: Hangzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁶jien
  - MiniDict: jien^去
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /d͡ʑiẽ̞¹¹³/

Middle Chinese: dzjenX

Rime
Character	踐
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	慈演切
Baxter	dzjenX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ziᴇn^X/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ziɛn^X/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zjæn^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zian^X/
Li Rong	/d͡ziɛn^X/
Wang Li	/d͡zĭɛn^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/d͡zʱi̯ɛn^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zin⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]a[n]ʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*zlenʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	踐
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiàn
Middle Chinese	‹ dzjen^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[dz]a[n]ʔ/
English	tread, trample
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	踐
Reading #	1/1
No.	6004
Phonetic component	戔
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*zlenʔ/

Definitions

踐

to trample; to tread upon; to walk on
to ascend (to the throne); to inherit
to implement; to carry out; to fulfil
to follow; to abide by
to experience
orderly; well-organised

Compounds

作踐 / 作践
勾踐 / 勾践
句踐 / 句践
句踐復國 / 句践复国
實踐 / 实践 (shíjiàn)
實踐大學 / 实践大学
混踐 / 混践
淹踐 / 淹践
言不踐行 / 言不践行
踐冰 / 践冰
踐冰履炭 / 践冰履炭
踐履 / 践履
踐極 / 践极
踐石 / 践石
踐祚 / 践祚 (jiànzuò)
踐約 / 践约 (jiànyuē)
踐行 / 践行 (jiànxíng)
踐言 / 践言 (jiànyán)
踐諾 / 践诺
踐踏 / 践踏 (jiàntà)
踏踐 / 踏践
踐阼 / 践阼
蹧踐 / 蹧践
躬行實踐 / 躬行实践
食毛踐土 / 食毛践土

Japanese

Shinjitai	践
Kyūjitai	踐

Kanji

踐

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 践)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Kan-on: せん (sen)
Kun: ふむ (fumu, 踐む)

Korean

Hanja

踐 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.