English
Etymology
From Middle English -cioun, borrowing from Old French -tion, -cion, borrowed from the stem of Latin -tiō. The Middle English -cioun became -tion in Modern English under the influence of the Middle French -tion and original Latin spellings.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /-ʃən/, (after a preceding “s”) /-tʃən/
Suffix
-tion
- (no longer productive) Used to form nouns meaning "the action of (a verb)" or "the result of (a verb)". Words ending in this suffix are almost always derived from a similar Latin word; a few (e.g. gumption) are not derived from Latin and are unrelated to any verb. More often, -ation is used.
- ignore + -tion → ignortion
- scrimp + -tion → scrimption
Derived terms
English terms suffixed with -tion
Descendants
Translations
producing a noun meaning the action or effect of a verb
- Abkhaz: -циа (-cja)
- Afrikaans: -sie
- Aragonese: -ción f
- Armenian: -ություն (-utʻyun), -ցիա (-cʻia)
- Aromanian: -tsie f
- Azerbaijani: -siya, -ţiya (South Azerbaijani), -mə, -ləşmə
- Basque: -zio (eu)
- Belarusian: -цыя (-cyja)
- Bulgarian: -ция (-cija)
- Catalan: -ció (ca) f (always forms a feminine noun)
- Crimean Tatar: -tsiya
- Czech: -ce
- Danish: -tion c
- Dutch: -ing (nl) (Germanic), -tie (nl) (Romanic)
- Esperanto: -ado (eo)
- Estonian: -tsioon
- Faroese: -sjón f
- Finnish: -minen (fi), -tio
- French: -tion (fr)
- Gagauz: -ţiya
- Galician: -ción (gl) f, -ção, -çom (reintegrationist)
- Georgian: -ცია (-cia)
- German: -ung (de) f (Germanic), -tion (de) f (Latin; Romanic)
- Haitian Creole: -syon
- Hebrew: ־ציה f (tsya)
- Hindi: -शन (-śan) (used for borrowed words, like in "स्टेशन", etc.)
- Hungarian: -ció (hu)
- Indonesian: -si
- Italian: -zione (unless previous letter was "s", when "z" becomes "t", like in "digestione", "questione", etc.)
- Japanese: -化 (-か, -ka), -ション (-shon) (used for certain borrowed words, like in "コミュニケーション", etc.)
- Kazakh: -ция (-siä)
- Khmer: ការ (km) (kaa)
- Korean: -션 (-syeon) (used for borrowed words, like in "커뮤니케이션", etc.)
- Kyrgyz: -ция (-tsiya)
- Ladino: -syon
- Lai: -nak -cio
- Latgalian: -ceja
- Latin: -tiō f
- Latvian: -cija
- Lithuanian: -cija f
- Luxembourgish: -tioun f
- Macedonian: -ција (-cija)
- Malay: -si, -syen, -sen, peng--an, per--an
- Maltese: -zzjoni f
- Norwegian: -sjon (no) m
- Occitan: -cion f
- Old English: -ing f
- Polish: -cja f
- Portuguese: -ção (pt) (unless previous letter was "s", when "ç" becomes "t", like in "digestão", "questão", etc.)
- Romanian: -ție, -țiune (unless previous letter was "s", when "ț" becomes "t", like in "digestie", "chestiune", etc.), -ciune
- Romansch: -ziun m, -schun m
- Russian: -ция (-cija)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: -ција
- Latin: -cija
- Slovak: -cia f
- Slovene: -cija
- Spanish: -ción (es) (unless previous letter was "s", when "c" becomes "t", like in "digestión", "cuestión", etc.); -xión (for few specific cases)
- Swedish: -tion (sv) c, -ing (sv) c
- Tagalog: -siyon (used for borrowed words, like in "edukasiyon", etc.), -syon, -asyon
- Tajik: -тсия (-tsiya)
- Thai: การ (th) (gaan), ความ (th) (kwaam)
- Turkish: -syon, -siyon
- Turkmen: -siýa
- Ukrainian: -ння (-nnja), -ція (-cija)
- Urdu: -شَن (-śan) (used for borrowed words, like in "اسٹیشن", etc.)
- Uzbek: -tsiya
- West Frisian: -sje
- Yiddish: ־ונג (yi) f (-ung), ־ציע f (-tsye)
|
See also
Further reading
- “-tion”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
Anagrams
Danish
Etymology
Borrowing from French -tion, from the stem of Latin -tiō.
Pronunciation
Suffix
-tion
- used to form nouns that denote an action or a process.
- The result of the aforementioned.
Derived terms
Danish terms suffixed with -tion
French
Etymology
Borrowed as a learned form from Latin suffix Latin -tiōne or -tiōnem, ending of the singular ablative or accusative of those nouns ending with -tiō (part of the Latin third declension). The original inherited form of the suffix, -on/-son (or -aison from -ātionem), is today less common but can be found in words such as raison, saison, chanson, venaison, oraison, garnison, etc.
Pronunciation
Suffix
-tion f (countable and uncountable, plural -tions)
- Used to indicate action, condition, result or effect; -tion
Derived terms
French terms suffixed with -tion
Descendants
- → Norwegian: -sjon
- → Ottoman Turkish: ـسیون (-syon, -siyon)
German
- -ation (different (surface) analysis)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /-ˈtsi̯oːn/, [-ˈt͡sjoːn], [-t͡siˈoːn]
- The pronunciation with a syllabic [i] is virtually obsolete, thus one may simply transcribe /-ˈtsjoːn/.
Suffix
-tion f (genitive -tion, plural -tionen)
- -tion
Further reading
- “-ation” in Duden online, “-ion” in Duden online, “-ation/-ierung” in Duden online (doesn't have -tion, -ition)
- “-ation” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache (doesn't have -tion, -ion, -ition)
Swedish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /-ˈɧuːn/
- Homophone: -sion
Suffix
-tion c
- -tion; making nouns. See also -else, -ing and -ning.
Derived terms
Swedish terms suffixed with -tion