Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/warōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *wer- (to become aware of, heed).[1] Equivalent to *waraz (cautious) +‎ *-ōną.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈwɑ.rɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*warōną[1]

  1. to watch, to protect

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *warō *warǭ *warōi ?
2nd singular *warōsi *warōs *warō *warōsai *warōsau
3rd singular *warōþi *warō *warōþau *warōþai *warōþau
1st dual *warōs *warōw
2nd dual *warōþiz *warōþiz *warōþiz
1st plural *warōmaz *warōm *warōnþai *warōnþau
2nd plural *warōþ *warōþ *warōþ *warōnþai *warōnþau
3rd plural *warōnþi *warōn *warōnþau *warōnþai *warōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *warōdǭ *warōdēdį̄
2nd singular *warōdēz *warōdēdīz
3rd singular *warōdē *warōdēdī
1st dual *warōdēdū *warōdēdīw
2nd dual *warōdēdudiz *warōdēdīdiz
1st plural *warōdēdum *warōdēdīm
2nd plural *warōdēdud *warōdēdīd
3rd plural *warōdēdun *warōdēdīn
present past
participles *warōndz *warōdaz

Derived terms

  • *biwarōną

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *warōn
    • Old English: warian, werian
      • Middle English: waren, warien
        • English: ware
        • Scots: war, ware
        • Yola: waur
    • Old Frisian: waria, weria
      • Saterland Frisian: woarje
      • West Frisian: warje
    • Old Saxon: warōn
    • Old Dutch: *waron
    • Old High German: warōn
    • Vulgar Latin: *warāre
  • Old Norse: vara

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*warōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 449