Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yaŋgak
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
From an unknown verb Proto-Turkic *yaŋ- + *-gak.
Akin to Proto-Mongolic *jixag (“walnut”). Compared also Proto-Tungusic *ńaŋta (“cone, nut, fruit stone”), Orok [script needed] (naŋu-, “to crack nuts”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Noun
*yaŋgak
Declension
| singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| nominative | *yaŋgak |
| accusative | *yaŋgakïg, *yaŋgaknï1) |
| genitive | *yaŋgaknïŋ |
| dative | *yaŋgakka |
| locative | *yaŋgakda |
| ablative | *yaŋgakdan |
| allative | *yaŋgakgaru |
| instrumental 2) | *yaŋgakïn |
| equative 2) | *yaŋgakča |
| similative 2) | *yaŋgaklayu |
| comitative 2) | *yaŋgaklïgu |
1) Originally used only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
Descendants
- Oghur:
- → Old Hungarian: gyivó
- Hungarian: dió
- → Old Hungarian: gyivó
- Common Turkic:
See also
| Foods - *yẹ̄miĺčler, *yẹ̄miĺčsāyïn | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| barley: *arpa | beans, peas: *burčak | farro, wheat: *bugday | |||
| jujube: *yidge | berry: *yidgelek | strawberry: *čige, *čigelek | |||
| apple: *almïla | walnut: *yaŋgak | honey: *bal | |||
| millet: *tarïg | onion: *sōgun | salt: *tūŕ | |||
| egg: *yumurtka | butter: *yāg | mushroom: *kömbe | |||
| radish: *turp, *turma | carrot: *turma | hazelnut: *bōńurï | |||
References
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jAŋgak”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill