Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yumurtka

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *yum (“stem for the round things”). Unclear relation with Proto-Tungusic *umukta (“egg”) which probably comes from *umu (“nest”).

Noun

*yumurtka

egg

Declension

Declension of *yumurtka
	singular ³⁾
nominative	*yumurtka
accusative	yumurtkag, yumurtkanï¹⁾
genitive	*yumurtkanïŋ
dative	*yumurtkaka
locative	*yumurtkada
ablative	*yumurtkadan
allative	*yumurtkagaru
instrumental ²⁾	*yumurtkan
equative ²⁾	*yumurtkača
similative ²⁾	*yumurtkalayu
comitative ²⁾	*yumurtkalïgu

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: ҫӑмарта (śămart̬a)
Common Turkic:

Arghu:
- Khalaj: yumurtqa
Proto-Oghuz: *yumurtɣa
- West Oghuz:
  - Old Anatolian Turkish:
    - Azerbaijani: yumurta
    - Ottoman Turkish: یومورطه (yumurta), یومرطه (yumurta), یومرده (yumurda), یمورطه (yumurta), یمورده (yumurda)
      - Turkish: yumurta
      - Gagauz: yımırta
- East Oghuz:
  - Salar: yumurta
  - Turkmen: ýumurtga
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: يِمِرْتْغا (yïmïrtɣa)
  - Uzbek: yumurtqa (dialect)
Kipchak:
- Kipchak: [script needed] (yumurtğa), [script needed] (yumurtqa)^[1]
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: йомортҡа (yomortqa)
  - Tatar: йомырка (yomırka)
- Kipchak-Cuman:
  - Crimean Tatar: yumurta
  - Karachay-Balkar: джумуртха (cumurtxa)
  - Karaim: йымурта
  - Krymchak: йымырта
  - Kumyk: йымырткъа (yımırtqa)
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Karakalpak: jumurtqa
    - Kazakh: жұмыртқа (jūmyrtqa)
    - Nogai: юмыртка (yumırtka)
  - Kyrgyz–Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: жумуртка (jumurtka)
    - Southern Altai: јымыртка (ǰïmïrtka)
Siberian:
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (yumurtğa)
  - Western Yugur: [script needed] (yomut)
- North Siberian:
  - Dolgan: һыммыт
  - Yakut: сымыыт (sımııt)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan Turkic:
    - Tofa: нюмурһа (ńumurha)
    - Tuvan: чуурга (çuurga)
  - Yenisei Turkic:
    - Khakas: нымырха (nımırxa)
    - Shor: нубуртқа (nuburtqa) ,нуртқа (nurtqa)

References

^
^{The template Template:R:qwm:Toparlı does not use the parameter(s): title=yumurta
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}Toparlı, Recep (2007) Kıpçak Türkçesi Sözlüğü‎^[1], 2nd edition, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, →ISBN, page 330

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jumurtka”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

[1] {The template Template:R:qwm:Toparlı does not use the parameter(s): title=yumurta
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}Toparlı, Recep (2007) Kıpçak Türkçesi Sözlüğü‎^[1], 2nd edition, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, →ISBN, page 330

[1]


barley: *arpa	beans, peas: *burčak	farro, wheat: *bugday
jujube: *yidge	berry: *yidgelek	strawberry: čige, čigelek
apple: *almïla	walnut: *yaŋgak	honey: *bal
millet: *tarïg	onion: *sōgun	salt: *tūŕ
egg: *yumurtka	butter: *yāg	mushroom: *kömbe
radish: turp, turma	carrot: *turma	hazelnut: *bōńurï