Swahili
Etymology
From Arabic عَذَّبَ (ʕaḏḏaba).
Pronunciation
Verb
-adhibu (infinitive kuadhibu)
- to punish
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -adhibu
|
| Positive present
|
-naadhibu
|
| Subjunctive
|
-adhibu
|
| Negative
|
-adhibu
|
| Imperative singular
|
adhibu
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huadhibu
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -liadhibu
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuadhibu
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -naadhibu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninaadhibu/naadhibu
|
tunaadhibu
|
| 2nd person
|
unaadhibu
|
mnaadhibu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anaadhibu
|
wanaadhibu
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -naadhibu
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -adhibu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
siadhibu
|
hatuadhibu
|
| 2nd person
|
huadhibu
|
hamwadhibu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
haadhibu
|
hawaadhibu
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -adhibu
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -taadhibu
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -taadhibu
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -adhibu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
niadhibu
|
tuadhibu
|
| 2nd person
|
uadhibu
|
mwadhibu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aadhibu
|
waadhibu
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -adhibu
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siadhibu
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeadhibu
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeadhibu
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaliadhibu
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaliadhibu
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aadhibu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
naadhibu
|
twaadhibu
|
| 2nd person
|
waadhibu
|
mwaadhibu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aadhibu
|
waadhibu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
waadhibu
|
yaadhibu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
laadhibu
|
yaadhibu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chaadhibu
|
vyaadhibu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yaadhibu
|
zaadhibu
|
| u(XI)
|
waadhibu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwaadhibu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
paadhibu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwaadhibu
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meadhibu
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshaadhibu
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jaadhibu
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiadhibu
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipoadhibu
|
| Consecutive
|
kaadhibu / positive subject concord + -kaadhibu
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kaadhibu
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-niadhibu
|
-tuadhibu
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuadhibu
|
-waadhibu/-kuadhibuni/-waadhibuni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mwadhibu
|
-waadhibu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uadhibu
|
-iadhibu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-liadhibu
|
-yaadhibu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kiadhibu
|
-viadhibu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-iadhibu
|
-ziadhibu
|
| u(XI)
|
-uadhibu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuadhibu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-paadhibu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muadhibu
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jiadhibu
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -adhibu- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-adhibuye
|
-adhibuo
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-adhibuo
|
-adhibuyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-adhibulo
|
-adhibuyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-adhibucho
|
-adhibuvyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-adhibuyo
|
-adhibuzo
|
| u(XI)
|
-adhibuo
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-adhibuko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-adhibupo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-adhibumo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -adhibu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeadhibu
|
-oadhibu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oadhibu
|
-yoadhibu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loadhibu
|
-yoadhibu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choadhibu
|
-vyoadhibu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoadhibu
|
-zoadhibu
|
| u(XI)
|
-oadhibu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koadhibu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poadhibu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moadhibu
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms