Swahili
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic أَدَّبَ (ʔaddaba).
Pronunciation
Verb
-adibu (infinitive kuadibu)
- to teach manners
- to chastise, to punish
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -adibu
|
| Positive present
|
-naadibu
|
| Subjunctive
|
-adibu
|
| Negative
|
-adibu
|
| Imperative singular
|
adibu
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kuadibu
|
| Negative
|
kutoadibu
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
adibu
|
| Plural
|
adibuni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huadibu
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -liadibu
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuadibu
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -naadibu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninaadibu/naadibu
|
tunaadibu
|
| 2nd person
|
unaadibu
|
mnaadibu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anaadibu
|
wanaadibu
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -naadibu
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -adibu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
siadibu
|
hatuadibu
|
| 2nd person
|
huadibu
|
hamwadibu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
haadibu
|
hawaadibu
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -adibu
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -taadibu
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -taadibu
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -adibu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
niadibu
|
tuadibu
|
| 2nd person
|
uadibu
|
mwadibu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aadibu
|
waadibu
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -adibu
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siadibu
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeadibu
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeadibu
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaliadibu
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaliadibu
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aadibu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
naadibu
|
twaadibu
|
| 2nd person
|
waadibu
|
mwaadibu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aadibu
|
waadibu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
waadibu
|
yaadibu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
laadibu
|
yaadibu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chaadibu
|
vyaadibu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yaadibu
|
zaadibu
|
| u(XI)
|
waadibu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwaadibu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
paadibu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwaadibu
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meadibu
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshaadibu
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jaadibu
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiadibu
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipoadibu
|
| Consecutive
|
kaadibu / positive subject concord + -kaadibu
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kaadibu
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-niadibu
|
-tuadibu
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuadibu
|
-waadibu/-kuadibuni/-waadibuni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mwadibu
|
-waadibu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uadibu
|
-iadibu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-liadibu
|
-yaadibu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kiadibu
|
-viadibu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-iadibu
|
-ziadibu
|
| u(XI)
|
-uadibu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuadibu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-paadibu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muadibu
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jiadibu
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -adibu- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-adibuye
|
-adibuo
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-adibuo
|
-adibuyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-adibulo
|
-adibuyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-adibucho
|
-adibuvyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-adibuyo
|
-adibuzo
|
| u(XI)
|
-adibuo
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-adibuko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-adibupo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-adibumo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -adibu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeadibu
|
-oadibu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oadibu
|
-yoadibu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loadibu
|
-yoadibu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choadibu
|
-vyoadibu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoadibu
|
-zoadibu
|
| u(XI)
|
-oadibu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koadibu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poadibu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moadibu
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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