Swahili
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Bantu [Term?].
Pronunciation
Verb
-ambukiza (infinitive kuambukiza)
- Causative form of -ambuka: to infect
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -ambukiza
|
| Positive present
|
-naambukiza
|
| Subjunctive
|
-ambukize
|
| Negative
|
-ambukizi
|
| Imperative singular
|
ambukiza
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
ambukiza
|
| Plural
|
ambukizeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huambukiza
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -liambukiza
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuambukiza
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -naambukiza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninaambukiza/naambukiza
|
tunaambukiza
|
| 2nd person
|
unaambukiza
|
mnaambukiza
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anaambukiza
|
wanaambukiza
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -naambukiza
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -ambukizi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
siambukizi
|
hatuambukizi
|
| 2nd person
|
huambukizi
|
hamwambukizi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
haambukizi
|
hawaambukizi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -ambukizi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -taambukiza
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -taambukiza
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -ambukize)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
niambukize
|
tuambukize
|
| 2nd person
|
uambukize
|
mwambukize
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aambukize
|
waambukize
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -ambukize
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siambukize
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeambukiza
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeambukiza
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaliambukiza
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaliambukiza
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aambukiza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
naambukiza
|
twaambukiza
|
| 2nd person
|
waambukiza
|
mwaambukiza
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aambukiza
|
waambukiza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
waambukiza
|
yaambukiza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
laambukiza
|
yaambukiza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chaambukiza
|
vyaambukiza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yaambukiza
|
zaambukiza
|
| u(XI)
|
waambukiza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwaambukiza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
paambukiza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwaambukiza
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meambukiza
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshaambukiza
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jaambukiza
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiambukiza
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipoambukiza
|
| Consecutive
|
kaambukiza / positive subject concord + -kaambukiza
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kaambukize
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-niambukiza
|
-tuambukiza
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuambukiza
|
-waambukiza/-kuambukizeni/-waambukizeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mwambukiza
|
-waambukiza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uambukiza
|
-iambukiza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-liambukiza
|
-yaambukiza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kiambukiza
|
-viambukiza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-iambukiza
|
-ziambukiza
|
| u(XI)
|
-uambukiza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuambukiza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-paambukiza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muambukiza
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jiambukiza
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -ambukiza- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-ambukizaye
|
-ambukizao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ambukizao
|
-ambukizayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-ambukizalo
|
-ambukizayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-ambukizacho
|
-ambukizavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ambukizayo
|
-ambukizazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-ambukizao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-ambukizako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-ambukizapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-ambukizamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -ambukiza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeambukiza
|
-oambukiza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oambukiza
|
-yoambukiza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loambukiza
|
-yoambukiza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choambukiza
|
-vyoambukiza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoambukiza
|
-zoambukiza
|
| u(XI)
|
-oambukiza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koambukiza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poambukiza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moambukiza
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms