Swahili
Etymology
From amri (“command or order”).
Pronunciation
Verb
-amrisha (infinitive kuamrisha)
- to order, to command, to give orders
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -amrisha
|
| Positive present
|
-naamrisha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-amrishe
|
| Negative
|
-amrishi
|
| Imperative singular
|
amrisha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
amrisha
|
| Plural
|
amrisheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huamrisha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -liamrisha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuamrisha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -naamrisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninaamrisha/naamrisha
|
tunaamrisha
|
| 2nd person
|
unaamrisha
|
mnaamrisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anaamrisha
|
wanaamrisha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -naamrisha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -amrishi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
siamrishi
|
hatuamrishi
|
| 2nd person
|
huamrishi
|
hamwamrishi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
haamrishi
|
hawaamrishi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -amrishi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -taamrisha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -taamrisha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -amrishe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
niamrishe
|
tuamrishe
|
| 2nd person
|
uamrishe
|
mwamrishe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aamrishe
|
waamrishe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -amrishe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siamrishe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeamrisha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeamrisha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaliamrisha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaliamrisha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aamrisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
naamrisha
|
twaamrisha
|
| 2nd person
|
waamrisha
|
mwaamrisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aamrisha
|
waamrisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
waamrisha
|
yaamrisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
laamrisha
|
yaamrisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chaamrisha
|
vyaamrisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yaamrisha
|
zaamrisha
|
| u(XI)
|
waamrisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwaamrisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
paamrisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwaamrisha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meamrisha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshaamrisha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jaamrisha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiamrisha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipoamrisha
|
| Consecutive
|
kaamrisha / positive subject concord + -kaamrisha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kaamrishe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-niamrisha
|
-tuamrisha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuamrisha
|
-waamrisha/-kuamrisheni/-waamrisheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mwamrisha
|
-waamrisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uamrisha
|
-iamrisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-liamrisha
|
-yaamrisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kiamrisha
|
-viamrisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-iamrisha
|
-ziamrisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-uamrisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuamrisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-paamrisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muamrisha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jiamrisha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -amrisha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-amrishaye
|
-amrishao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-amrishao
|
-amrishayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-amrishalo
|
-amrishayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-amrishacho
|
-amrishavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-amrishayo
|
-amrishazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-amrishao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-amrishako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-amrishapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-amrishamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -amrisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeamrisha
|
-oamrisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oamrisha
|
-yoamrisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loamrisha
|
-yoamrisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choamrisha
|
-vyoamrisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoamrisha
|
-zoamrisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-oamrisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koamrisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poamrisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moamrisha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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