borgen
Danish
Etymology 1
From borge (“to guarantee”) + -en. Compare Old Norse borgan.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bɔrvən/; [ˈb̥ɒːwən, ˈb̥ɒˀwən]
Noun
borgen c
Etymology 2
See borg (“castle”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bɔrvən/, [ˈb̥ɒːˀwən]
Noun
borgen c
- definite singular of borg
- (slang) Christiansborg Palace (the Danish house of parliament)
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbɔrɣə(n)/
Audio: (file) - Hyphenation: bor‧gen
- Rhymes: -ɔrɣən
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch borgen. Equivalent to borg + -en.
Verb
borgen
- (transitive) to secure, to keep safe
- (transitive) to guarantee
- (transitive, corporate jargon) to ensure the sustainability of a particular policy or procedure
- (transitive, now dialectal) to lend (especially of credit)
- Synonym: lenen
- (transitive, dated, dialectal) to borrow
- Synonym: lenen
Conjugation
| Conjugation of borgen (weak) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | borgen | |||
| past singular | borgde | |||
| past participle | geborgd | |||
| infinitive | borgen | |||
| gerund | borgen n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | borg | borgde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | borgt, borg2 | borgde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | borgt | borgde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | borgt | borgde | ||
| 3rd person singular | borgt | borgde | ||
| plural | borgen | borgden | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | borge | borgde | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | borgen | borgden | ||
| imperative sing. | borg | |||
| imperative plur.1 | borgt | |||
| participles | borgend | geborgd | ||
| 1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. | ||||
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
borgen
- plural of borg
Verb
borgen
- inflection of bergen:
- plural past indicative
- (dated or formal) plural past subjunctive
German
Etymology
Inherited from Middle High German borgen, from Old High German borgēn, from Proto-West Germanic *borgōn. Cognate with English borrow.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbɔrɡən/, [ˈbɔʁ-], [ˈbɔɐ̯-], [ˈbɔː-], [-ɡən], [-ɡŋ̍]
Audio: (file) - Hyphenation: bor‧gen
Verb
borgen (weak, third-person singular present borgt, past tense borgte, past participle geborgt, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive) to borrow
- Kann ich diesen Bleistift ausborgen?
- Can I borrow this pencil?
- (transitive) to lend
Usage notes
- For the distinction between both senses see the notes at leihen. Borgen is generally interchangeable with the former, but is less frequent and slightly informal.
Conjugation
Conjugation of borgen (weak, auxiliary haben)
| infinitive | borgen | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | borgend | ||||
| past participle | geborgt | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich borge | wir borgen | i | ich borge | wir borgen |
| du borgst | ihr borgt | du borgest | ihr borget | ||
| er borgt | sie borgen | er borge | sie borgen | ||
| preterite | ich borgte | wir borgten | ii | ich borgte1 | wir borgten1 |
| du borgtest | ihr borgtet | du borgtest1 | ihr borgtet1 | ||
| er borgte | sie borgten | er borgte1 | sie borgten1 | ||
| imperative | borg (du) borge (du) |
borgt (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Composed forms of borgen (weak, auxiliary haben)
Derived terms
Further reading
- “borgen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “borgen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “borgen” in Duden online
- “borgen” in OpenThesaurus.de
Norwegian Bokmål
Alternative forms
Noun
borgen m or f
- definite masculine singular of borg
Old English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbor.ɡen/, [ˈborˠ.ɣen]
Participle
borgen
- past participle of beorgan
Old High German
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *borgōn, from Proto-Germanic *burgōną; akin to Old English borġian.
Verb
borgēn
- to borrow
Conjugation
Conjugation of borgēn (weak class 3)
| infinitive | borgēn | |
|---|---|---|
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st person singular | borgēm, borgēn | borgēta |
| 2nd person singular | borgēs, borgēst | borgētōs, borgētōst |
| 3rd person singular | borgēt | borgēta |
| 1st person plural | borgēm, borgēmēs | borgētum, borgētumēs |
| 2nd person plural | borgēt | borgētut |
| 3rd person plural | borgēnt | borgētun |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st person singular | borge | borgēti |
| 2nd person singular | borgēs, borgēst | borgētīs, borgētīst |
| 3rd person singular | borge | borgēti |
| 1st person plural | borgēm, borgēmēs | borgētīm, borgētīmēs |
| 2nd person plural | borgēt | borgētīt |
| 3rd person plural | borgēn | borgētīn |
| imperative | present | |
| singular | borge | |
| plural | borgēt | |
| participle | present | past |
| borgēnti | giborgēt | |
Descendants
Swedish
Etymology 1
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
borgen
- definite singular of borg
Etymology 2
From Old Swedish borghæn, borghan, ultimately from the root of borga (“warrant”). Cognate of Icelandic borgan, Danish borgen.
Noun
borgen c
- (law) surety, security, guarantee (an undertaking to assume payment obligations for another person if that person is unable to pay themselves)
- gå i borgen för någon ― vouch for someone
- bail
Declension
| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | borgen | borgens |
| definite | borgen | borgens | |
| plural | indefinite | — | — |
| definite | — | — |
Derived terms
- borgensman
- borgenär
- proprieborgen
Related terms
References
- borgen in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- borgen in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- borgen in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- borgen in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
- borghan in Knut Fredrik Söderwall, Ordbok öfver svenska medeltids-språket, del 1: A-L