buk

See also: Buk, BUK, búk, bûk, būk, bük, and ƀŭk

Translingual

Symbol

buk

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Bukawa.

See also

  • Wiktionary’s coverage of Bukawa terms

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Korean (buk).

Noun

buk (plural buks)

  1. a traditional Korean drum

Further reading

Achang

Etymology

Seemingly borrowed from English book.

Pronunciation

  • (Myanmar) /buk˧/

Noun

buk

  1. book
    Synonym: maussauh

Usage notes

Probably only used in Myanmar.

Further reading

  • Inglis, Douglas, Sampu, Nasaw, Jaseng, Wilai, Jana, Thocha (2005) A preliminary Ngochang–Kachin–English Lexicon[1], Payap University, page 14

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch bukken, from Middle Dutch bucken, from Old Dutch *bukken, from Proto-Germanic *bukkijaną.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bœk/

Verb

buk (present buk, present participle bukkende, past participle gebuk)

  1. (intransitive) to crouch, to duck

Blagar

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /buk/

Noun

buk

  1. book

References

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bukъ, apparently from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵos (beech tree).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈbuk]

Noun

buk m inan (diminutive bouček)

  1. beech (beech tree)

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

Danish

Noun

buk

  1. ram (male sheep)
  2. male goat

Dupaningan Agta

Noun

buk

  1. head hair

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ʏk

Verb

buk

  1. inflection of bukken:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    3. imperative

German

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /buːk/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

buk

  1. first/third-person singular preterite of backen

Usage notes

Sometimes treated as weak verb (backte). See backen.

Iban

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *buək, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buhək, from Proto-Austronesian *bukəS.

Noun

buk

  1. (anatomy) hair

Ida'an

Etymology

From English book.

Noun

buk

  1. book

References

  • Nelleke Elisabeth Goudswaard, The Begak (Ida'an) language of Sabah (2005)

Indonesian

Etymology 1

Onomatopoeic.

Pronunciation

Noun

buk (plural buk-buk)

  1. thud, bam; a sound of a large ripe fruit or heavy object falling to the ground
    Synonyms: debuk, gedebuk

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

buk

  1. (vocative, informal) alternative form of ibu (mother; madam)

Etymology 3

From Dutch boek (to book) or English book (to book).

Pronunciation

Verb

buk

  1. (colloquial) to book, to reserve
    Synonym: pesan
Derived terms
  • mengebuk

Further reading

Jamaican Creole

Etymology

Derived from English book.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bʊk/

Noun

buk (plural buk dem, quantified buk)

  1. book

Further reading

Javanese

Alternative forms

  • Carakan: ꦧꦸꦏ꧀
  • Roman: boek (dated)

Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch boek (book).

Noun

buk (krama ngoko buk)

  1. alternative spelling of buku

References

  • The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta (2011) “buk”, in Kamus Basa Jawa (Bausastra Jawa) [Javanese Language Dictionary (Javanese Dictionary)] (in Javanese), 2nd edition, Yogyakarta: Kanisius, →ISBN

Karo Batak

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buhək, from Proto-Austronesian *bukəS.

Noun

buk

  1. hair (filament which grows on the human head)

References

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *bukъ. Cognate with Upper Sorbian buk, Polish buk, Czech buk, Russian бук (buk), and Serbo-Croatian bȕkva.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /buk/

Noun

buk m inan

  1. beech (tree of genus Fagus)
  2. (specifically) European beech, Fagus sylvatica

Declension

Further reading

  • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “buk”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
  • Starosta, Manfred (1999) “buk”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Maguindanao

Noun

buk

  1. head hair

Middle English

Etymology 1

Noun

buk

  1. alternative form of bok (book)

Etymology 2

Noun

buk

  1. alternative form of bouk (belly)

Etymology 3

Noun

buk

  1. alternative form of bukke (buck)

Middle Low German

Etymology

From Old Saxon būk, from Proto-Germanic *būkaz (belly, body).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /buːk/

Noun

bûk m (genitive bukes, dative buke)

  1. stomach, belly, abdomen, torso
  2. carcass (a slaughtered animal)

Synonyms

  • lif (body, figurative for belly)
  • mage (stomach)

Nigerian Pidgin

Noun

buk

  1. book

North Frisian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Frisian bōk, from Proto-West Germanic *bōk, from Proto-Germanic *bōks. Compare West Frisian boek.

Noun

buk n (plural buken)

  1. (Föhr-Amrum) book

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse búkr.

Noun

buk m (definite singular buken, indefinite plural buker, definite plural bukene)

  1. belly, abdomen, stomach

Synonyms

Derived terms

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse búkr.

Noun

buk m (definite singular buken, indefinite plural bukar, definite plural bukane)

  1. belly, abdomen, stomach

Synonyms

Derived terms

References

Old Frisian

Noun

būk m

  1. belly

Inflection

Declension of būk (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative būk būkar, būka
accusative būk būkar, būka
genitive būkes būka
dative būke būkum, būkem

Old Polish

Etymology

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bukъ. First attested in 1398.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /buk/
    • IPA(key): (15th CE) /buk/

    Noun

    buk m animacy unattested (related adjective bukowy)

    1. (attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) common beech (Fagus sylvatica)
      • 1856-1870 [1398], Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, editor, Starodawne Prawa Polskiego Pomniki[2], volume VIII, number 7586:
        Pro CCC arboribus buk
        [Pro CCC arboribus buk]
      • 1868 [1451], Akta grodzkie i ziemskie z czasów Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej : z archiwum tak zwanego bernardyńskiego we Lwowie w skutek fundacyi śp. Alexandra hr. Stadnickiego[3], volume XII (quotation in Old Polish; overall work in Polish, Latin, and Old Polish), page 210:
        Ubicunąue fagus al. buk seu szyr fructum dederit in silvis regalibus
        [Ubicunąue fagus al. buk seu żyr fructum dederit in silvis regalibus]
      • 1868 [1460], Akta grodzkie i ziemskie z czasów Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej : z archiwum tak zwanego bernardyńskiego we Lwowie w skutek fundacyi śp. Alexandra hr. Stadnickiego[4], volume VIII (quotation in Old Polish; overall work in Polish, Latin, and Old Polish), page 137:
        In quo scopulo stat arbor dicta fagus al. buk
        [In quo scopulo stat arbor dicta fagus al. buk]
      • 1864 [15th century], Jan Długosz, edited by Aleksander Przezdziecki, Liber beneficiorum dioecesis Cracoviensis nunc primum e codice autographo[5], volume III, Krakow, page 356:
        Stant duae arbores, videlicet iawor et buk
        [Stant duae arbores, videlicet iawor et buk]
      • 1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2[6], number 10832:
        Buk fagus
        [Buk fagus]
      • 1900 [1472], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2[7], number 220:
        Buk faginula
        [Buk faginula]
      • c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 49v:
        Fagus est quedam arbor eyn buchenbawme bvk
        [Fagus est quedam arbor eyn buchenbawme buk]
      • 1861 [1422], Józef Przyborowski, editor, Vetustissimam adiectivorum linguae Polonae declinationem monumentis ineditis illustravit, Greater Poland, page 16:
        Ty dwa kona, *czosme wsal Jaroszeuiczu oth buku tym wsal w prawem
        [Ty dwa konia, cośm wziął Jaroszewiczu ot buku, tym wziął w prawem]
      • 1874-1891 [XV p. pr.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności[8], [9], [10], volume XVI, page 346:
        S buk w de fago
        [S buk w de fago]
      • [1415], Rękopiśmienne luźne ekscerpty z ksiąg ziemskich i grodzkich kościańskich, poznańskich oraz pyzdrskich, number f. 39v, Kościan, Poznań, Pyzdry:
        Sexagena bukow, grabi, brostow
        [Sexagena bukow, grabi, brzostow]
    2. (hapax legomenon) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
      1. boxwood (Buxus sempervirens)
      • 1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 73:
        Buk buxus
        [Buk buxus]

    Derived terms

    nouns
    nouns

    Descendants

    • Polish: buk
    • Silesian: buk

    References

    • Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “buk”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
    • Mańczak, Witold (2017) “buk”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
    • Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “buk”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
    • Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “buk”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
    • K. Nitsch, editor (1954), “buk”, in Słownik staropolski (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw: Polish Academy of Sciences, page 176
    • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “buk”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
    • Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “buk”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk

    Polish

    Etymology

      Inherited from Old Polish buk.

      Pronunciation

       
      • IPA(key): /ˈbuk/
      • Audio 1:(file)
      • Audio 2:(file)
      • Rhymes: -uk
      • Syllabification: buk
      • Homophones: bóg, Bóg, Bug, Buk

      Noun

      buk m inan (diminutive buczek, related adjective bukowy)

      1. beech (any tree of the genus Fagus)
      2. (Przemyśl, Southern Boderlands, Kamianets-Podilskyi) thick stick; club
        Hypernym: kij
      3. (Przemyśl) hit, blow
        Synonym: uderzenie

      Declension

      Noun

      buk m inan

      1. beechwood (wood of the beech tree)
        Synonym: buczyna

      Declension

      Derived terms

      nouns

      Further reading

      Serbo-Croatian

      Etymology

      From bȕka.

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /bûːk/

      Noun

      bȗk m inan (Cyrillic spelling бу̑к)

      1. cascade, rapids, cataract
      2. waterfall
        Synonym: vodopad
      3. the sound of a strong water stream

      Declension

      Declension of buk
      singular plural
      nominative bȗk bȕkovi/bȗci
      genitive buka bukova/buka
      dative buku bukovima/bucima
      accusative buk bukove/buke
      vocative buče bukovi/buci
      locative buku bukovima/bucima
      instrumental bukom bukovima/bucima

      References

      • buk”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

      Silesian

      Etymology

        Inherited from Old Polish buk.

        Pronunciation

        • IPA(key): /ˈbuk/
        • Rhymes: -uk
        • Syllabification: buk

        Noun

        buk m inan (diminutive buczek, related adjective bukowy)

        1. beech (any tree of the genus Fagus)

        Further reading

        • buk in silling.org
        • Eugeniusz Kosmała (2023) “buk”, in Dykcjōnôrz Polsko-Ślonskiy (in Silesian), b, page 120

        Swedish

        Etymology

        From Old Swedish būker, from Old Norse búkr, from Proto-Germanic *būkaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰōw-. Doublet of buga, böja, and bukt.

        Pronunciation

        • Rhymes: -ʉːk

        Noun

        buk c

        1. belly
        2. abdomen
        3. paunch

        Declension

        Derived terms

        References

        Anagrams

        Tok Pisin

        Etymology

        From English book.

        Noun

        buk

        1. book

        Descendants

        Volapük

        Etymology

        From English book.

        Pronunciation

        • IPA(key): /buk/

        Noun

        buk (nominative plural buks)

        1. book
          • 1932, Arie de Jong, Leerboek der Wereldtaal, page 15:
            Buk, keli elegivol obe, binon jönik.
            The book you have given to me is beautiful.

        Declension

        Declension of buk
        singular plural
        nominative buk buks
        genitive buka bukas
        dative buke bukes
        accusative buki bukis
        vocative 1 o buk! o buks!
        predicative 2 buku bukus

        1 status as a case is disputed
        2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

        Derived terms

        See also

        West Flemish

        Etymology

        From Middle Dutch buc, variant of boc, from Old Dutch buc, from Proto-Germanic *bukkaz.

        Pronunciation

        • IPA(key): /bək/

        Noun

        buk m (plural buks, diminutive buktje)

        1. buck, male goat, male rabbit

        Yogad

        Noun

        buk

        1. hair