Swahili
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu [Term?].
Pronunciation
Verb
-chagua (infinitive kuchagua)
- to choose
- to elect
- to deform, distort
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -chagua
|
| Positive present
|
-nachagua
|
| Subjunctive
|
-chague
|
| Negative
|
-chagui
|
| Imperative singular
|
chagua
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
chagua
|
| Plural
|
chagueni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huchagua
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lichagua
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuchagua
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nachagua)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninachagua/nachagua
|
tunachagua
|
| 2nd person
|
unachagua
|
mnachagua
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anachagua
|
wanachagua
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nachagua
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -chagui)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sichagui
|
hatuchagui
|
| 2nd person
|
huchagui
|
hamchagui
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hachagui
|
hawachagui
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -chagui
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tachagua
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tachagua
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -chague)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nichague
|
tuchague
|
| 2nd person
|
uchague
|
mchague
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
achague
|
wachague
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -chague
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sichague
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngechagua
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singechagua
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalichagua
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalichagua
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -achagua)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nachagua
|
twachagua
|
| 2nd person
|
wachagua
|
mwachagua
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
achagua
|
wachagua
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wachagua
|
yachagua
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lachagua
|
yachagua
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chachagua
|
vyachagua
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yachagua
|
zachagua
|
| u(XI)
|
wachagua
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwachagua
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pachagua
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwachagua
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mechagua
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshachagua
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jachagua
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kichagua
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipochagua
|
| Consecutive
|
kachagua / positive subject concord + -kachagua
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kachague
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nichagua
|
-tuchagua
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuchagua
|
-wachagua/-kuchagueni/-wachagueni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mchagua
|
-wachagua
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uchagua
|
-ichagua
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lichagua
|
-yachagua
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kichagua
|
-vichagua
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ichagua
|
-zichagua
|
| u(XI)
|
-uchagua
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuchagua
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pachagua
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muchagua
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jichagua
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -chagua- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-chaguaye
|
-chaguao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-chaguao
|
-chaguayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-chagualo
|
-chaguayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chaguacho
|
-chaguavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-chaguayo
|
-chaguazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-chaguao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-chaguako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-chaguapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-chaguamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -chagua)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yechagua
|
-ochagua
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ochagua
|
-yochagua
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lochagua
|
-yochagua
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chochagua
|
-vyochagua
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yochagua
|
-zochagua
|
| u(XI)
|
-ochagua
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kochagua
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pochagua
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mochagua
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms