Swahili
Verb
-changika (infinitive kuchangika)
- Stative form of -changa
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -changika
|
| Positive present
|
-nachangika
|
| Subjunctive
|
-changike
|
| Negative
|
-changiki
|
| Imperative singular
|
changika
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
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| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
changika
|
| Plural
|
changikeni
|
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| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huchangika
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lichangika
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuchangika
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nachangika)
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|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninachangika/nachangika
|
tunachangika
|
| 2nd person
|
unachangika
|
mnachangika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anachangika
|
wanachangika
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nachangika
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -changiki)
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|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sichangiki
|
hatuchangiki
|
| 2nd person
|
huchangiki
|
hamchangiki
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hachangiki
|
hawachangiki
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -changiki
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tachangika
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tachangika
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -changike)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nichangike
|
tuchangike
|
| 2nd person
|
uchangike
|
mchangike
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
achangike
|
wachangike
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -changike
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sichangike
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngechangika
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singechangika
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| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalichangika
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalichangika
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -achangika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nachangika
|
twachangika
|
| 2nd person
|
wachangika
|
mwachangika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
achangika
|
wachangika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wachangika
|
yachangika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lachangika
|
yachangika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chachangika
|
vyachangika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yachangika
|
zachangika
|
| u(XI)
|
wachangika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwachangika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pachangika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwachangika
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mechangika
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshachangika
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jachangika
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kichangika
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipochangika
|
| Consecutive
|
kachangika / positive subject concord + -kachangika
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kachangike
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nichangika
|
-tuchangika
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuchangika
|
-wachangika/-kuchangikeni/-wachangikeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mchangika
|
-wachangika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uchangika
|
-ichangika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lichangika
|
-yachangika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kichangika
|
-vichangika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ichangika
|
-zichangika
|
| u(XI)
|
-uchangika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuchangika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pachangika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muchangika
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jichangika
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -changika- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-changikaye
|
-changikao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-changikao
|
-changikayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-changikalo
|
-changikayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-changikacho
|
-changikavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-changikayo
|
-changikazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-changikao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-changikako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-changikapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-changikamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -changika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yechangika
|
-ochangika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ochangika
|
-yochangika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lochangika
|
-yochangika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chochangika
|
-vyochangika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yochangika
|
-zochangika
|
| u(XI)
|
-ochangika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kochangika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pochangika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mochangika
|
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|
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| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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