Swahili
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic [Term?].
Pronunciation
Noun
dharau class IX (plural dharau class X)
- scorn, contempt
Verb
-dharau (infinitive kudharau)
- to despise or disdain (to regard with contempt or scorn)
- to slight or insult someone
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -dharau
|
| Positive present
|
-nadharau
|
| Subjunctive
|
-dharau
|
| Negative
|
-dharau
|
| Imperative singular
|
dharau
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
dharau
|
| Plural
|
dharauni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hudharau
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lidharau
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kudharau
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nadharau)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninadharau/nadharau
|
tunadharau
|
| 2nd person
|
unadharau
|
mnadharau
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anadharau
|
wanadharau
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nadharau
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -dharau)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sidharau
|
hatudharau
|
| 2nd person
|
hudharau
|
hamdharau
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hadharau
|
hawadharau
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -dharau
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tadharau
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tadharau
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -dharau)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nidharau
|
tudharau
|
| 2nd person
|
udharau
|
mdharau
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
adharau
|
wadharau
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -dharau
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sidharau
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngedharau
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singedharau
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalidharau
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalidharau
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -adharau)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nadharau
|
twadharau
|
| 2nd person
|
wadharau
|
mwadharau
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
adharau
|
wadharau
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wadharau
|
yadharau
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
ladharau
|
yadharau
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chadharau
|
vyadharau
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yadharau
|
zadharau
|
| u(XI)
|
wadharau
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwadharau
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
padharau
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwadharau
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -medharau
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshadharau
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jadharau
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kidharau
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipodharau
|
| Consecutive
|
kadharau / positive subject concord + -kadharau
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kadharau
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nidharau
|
-tudharau
|
| 2nd person
|
-kudharau
|
-wadharau/-kudharauni/-wadharauni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mdharau
|
-wadharau
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-udharau
|
-idharau
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lidharau
|
-yadharau
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kidharau
|
-vidharau
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-idharau
|
-zidharau
|
| u(XI)
|
-udharau
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kudharau
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-padharau
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mudharau
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jidharau
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -dharau- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-dharauye
|
-dharauo
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-dharauo
|
-dharauyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-dharaulo
|
-dharauyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-dharaucho
|
-dharauvyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-dharauyo
|
-dharauzo
|
| u(XI)
|
-dharauo
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-dharauko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-dharaupo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-dharaumo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -dharau)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yedharau
|
-odharau
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-odharau
|
-yodharau
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lodharau
|
-yodharau
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chodharau
|
-vyodharau
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yodharau
|
-zodharau
|
| u(XI)
|
-odharau
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kodharau
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-podharau
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-modharau
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms