Caribbean Hindustani
Noun
dhuku
- money
See also
Javanese
Romanization
dhuku
- romanization of ꦝꦸꦏꦸ
Shona
Etymology
From Afrikaans doek.
Pronunciation
Noun
dhúku class 5 (plural madhúku class 6)
- head tie
Swahili
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic ذَاقَ (ḏāqa, “to taste”).[1]
Pronunciation
Verb
-dhuku (infinitive kudhuku)
- to taste
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -dhuku
|
| Positive present
|
-nadhuku
|
| Subjunctive
|
-dhuku
|
| Negative
|
-dhuku
|
| Imperative singular
|
dhuku
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kudhuku
|
| Negative
|
kutodhuku
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
dhuku
|
| Plural
|
dhukuni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hudhuku
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lidhuku
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kudhuku
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nadhuku)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninadhuku/nadhuku
|
tunadhuku
|
| 2nd person
|
unadhuku
|
mnadhuku
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anadhuku
|
wanadhuku
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nadhuku
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -dhuku)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sidhuku
|
hatudhuku
|
| 2nd person
|
hudhuku
|
hamdhuku
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hadhuku
|
hawadhuku
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -dhuku
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tadhuku
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tadhuku
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -dhuku)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nidhuku
|
tudhuku
|
| 2nd person
|
udhuku
|
mdhuku
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
adhuku
|
wadhuku
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -dhuku
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sidhuku
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngedhuku
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singedhuku
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalidhuku
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalidhuku
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -adhuku)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nadhuku
|
twadhuku
|
| 2nd person
|
wadhuku
|
mwadhuku
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
adhuku
|
wadhuku
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wadhuku
|
yadhuku
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
ladhuku
|
yadhuku
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chadhuku
|
vyadhuku
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yadhuku
|
zadhuku
|
| u(XI)
|
wadhuku
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwadhuku
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
padhuku
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwadhuku
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -medhuku
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshadhuku
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jadhuku
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kidhuku
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipodhuku
|
| Consecutive
|
kadhuku / positive subject concord + -kadhuku
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kadhuku
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nidhuku
|
-tudhuku
|
| 2nd person
|
-kudhuku
|
-wadhuku/-kudhukuni/-wadhukuni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mdhuku
|
-wadhuku
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-udhuku
|
-idhuku
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lidhuku
|
-yadhuku
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kidhuku
|
-vidhuku
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-idhuku
|
-zidhuku
|
| u(XI)
|
-udhuku
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kudhuku
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-padhuku
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mudhuku
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jidhuku
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -dhuku- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-dhukuye
|
-dhukuo
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-dhukuo
|
-dhukuyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-dhukulo
|
-dhukuyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-dhukucho
|
-dhukuvyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-dhukuyo
|
-dhukuzo
|
| u(XI)
|
-dhukuo
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-dhukuko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-dhukupo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-dhukumo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -dhuku)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yedhuku
|
-odhuku
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-odhuku
|
-yodhuku
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lodhuku
|
-yodhuku
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chodhuku
|
-vyodhuku
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yodhuku
|
-zodhuku
|
| u(XI)
|
-odhuku
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kodhuku
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-podhuku
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-modhuku
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
References
- ^ Kees Versteegh (2011) The Word in Arabic[1], volume 62, Brill, page 218: “An important piece of evidence for this thesis is the form in which Arabic weak verbs were borrowed in Swahili (Schwarz 2004: 74): dhuku (< Arabic ḏāqa, imperative ḏuq) ‘to taste’;”