Swahili
Etymology
From elimu (“education, knowledge”) + -isha (causative affix).
Pronunciation
Verb
-elimisha (infinitive kuelimisha)
- Stative form of elimu: to teach, educate
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -elimisha
|
| Positive present
|
-naelimisha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-elimishe
|
| Negative
|
-elimishi
|
| Imperative singular
|
elimisha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
elimisha
|
| Plural
|
elimisheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huelimisha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lielimisha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuelimisha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -naelimisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninaelimisha/naelimisha
|
tunaelimisha
|
| 2nd person
|
unaelimisha
|
mnaelimisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anaelimisha
|
wanaelimisha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -naelimisha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -elimishi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sielimishi
|
hatuelimishi
|
| 2nd person
|
huelimishi
|
hamwelimishi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
haelimishi
|
hawaelimishi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -elimishi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -taelimisha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -taelimisha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -elimishe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nielimishe
|
tuelimishe
|
| 2nd person
|
uelimishe
|
mwelimishe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aelimishe
|
waelimishe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -elimishe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sielimishe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeelimisha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeelimisha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalielimisha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalielimisha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aelimisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
naelimisha
|
twaelimisha
|
| 2nd person
|
waelimisha
|
mwaelimisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aelimisha
|
waelimisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
waelimisha
|
yaelimisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
laelimisha
|
yaelimisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chaelimisha
|
vyaelimisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yaelimisha
|
zaelimisha
|
| u(XI)
|
waelimisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwaelimisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
paelimisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwaelimisha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meelimisha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshaelimisha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jaelimisha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kielimisha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipoelimisha
|
| Consecutive
|
kaelimisha / positive subject concord + -kaelimisha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kaelimishe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nielimisha
|
-tuelimisha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuelimisha
|
-waelimisha/-kuelimisheni/-waelimisheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mwelimisha
|
-waelimisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uelimisha
|
-ielimisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lielimisha
|
-yaelimisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kielimisha
|
-vielimisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ielimisha
|
-zielimisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-uelimisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuelimisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-paelimisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muelimisha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jielimisha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -elimisha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-elimishaye
|
-elimishao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-elimishao
|
-elimishayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-elimishalo
|
-elimishayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-elimishacho
|
-elimishavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-elimishayo
|
-elimishazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-elimishao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-elimishako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-elimishapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-elimishamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -elimisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeelimisha
|
-oelimisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oelimisha
|
-yoelimisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loelimisha
|
-yoelimisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choelimisha
|
-vyoelimisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoelimisha
|
-zoelimisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-oelimisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koelimisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poelimisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moelimisha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms