Swahili
Verb
-firwa (infinitive kufirwa)
- Passive form of -fira
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -firwa
|
| Positive present
|
-nafirwa
|
| Subjunctive
|
-firwe
|
| Negative
|
-firwi
|
| Imperative singular
|
firwa
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kufirwa
|
| Negative
|
kutofirwa
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
firwa
|
| Plural
|
firweni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hufirwa
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lifirwa
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kufirwa
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nafirwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninafirwa/nafirwa
|
tunafirwa
|
| 2nd person
|
unafirwa
|
mnafirwa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anafirwa
|
wanafirwa
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nafirwa
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -firwi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sifirwi
|
hatufirwi
|
| 2nd person
|
hufirwi
|
hamfirwi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hafirwi
|
hawafirwi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -firwi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tafirwa
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tafirwa
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -firwe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nifirwe
|
tufirwe
|
| 2nd person
|
ufirwe
|
mfirwe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
afirwe
|
wafirwe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -firwe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sifirwe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngefirwa
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singefirwa
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalifirwa
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalifirwa
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -afirwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nafirwa
|
twafirwa
|
| 2nd person
|
wafirwa
|
mwafirwa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
afirwa
|
wafirwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wafirwa
|
yafirwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lafirwa
|
yafirwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chafirwa
|
vyafirwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yafirwa
|
zafirwa
|
| u(XI)
|
wafirwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwafirwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pafirwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwafirwa
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mefirwa
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshafirwa
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jafirwa
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kifirwa
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipofirwa
|
| Consecutive
|
kafirwa / positive subject concord + -kafirwa
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kafirwe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nifirwa
|
-tufirwa
|
| 2nd person
|
-kufirwa
|
-wafirwa/-kufirweni/-wafirweni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mfirwa
|
-wafirwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ufirwa
|
-ifirwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lifirwa
|
-yafirwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kifirwa
|
-vifirwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ifirwa
|
-zifirwa
|
| u(XI)
|
-ufirwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kufirwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pafirwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mufirwa
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jifirwa
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -firwa- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-firwaye
|
-firwao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-firwao
|
-firwayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-firwalo
|
-firwayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-firwacho
|
-firwavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-firwayo
|
-firwazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-firwao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-firwako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-firwapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-firwamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -firwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yefirwa
|
-ofirwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ofirwa
|
-yofirwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lofirwa
|
-yofirwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chofirwa
|
-vyofirwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yofirwa
|
-zofirwa
|
| u(XI)
|
-ofirwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kofirwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pofirwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mofirwa
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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