Swahili
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Bantu [Term?]. By surface analysis, -fumba (“to shut”) + -ta.[1]
Pronunciation
Verb
-fumbata (infinitive kufumbata)
- to grasp, grip
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -fumbata
|
| Positive present
|
-nafumbata
|
| Subjunctive
|
-fumbate
|
| Negative
|
-fumbati
|
| Imperative singular
|
fumbata
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
fumbata
|
| Plural
|
fumbateni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hufumbata
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lifumbata
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kufumbata
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nafumbata)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninafumbata/nafumbata
|
tunafumbata
|
| 2nd person
|
unafumbata
|
mnafumbata
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anafumbata
|
wanafumbata
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nafumbata
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -fumbati)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sifumbati
|
hatufumbati
|
| 2nd person
|
hufumbati
|
hamfumbati
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hafumbati
|
hawafumbati
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -fumbati
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tafumbata
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tafumbata
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -fumbate)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nifumbate
|
tufumbate
|
| 2nd person
|
ufumbate
|
mfumbate
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
afumbate
|
wafumbate
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -fumbate
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sifumbate
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngefumbata
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singefumbata
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalifumbata
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalifumbata
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -afumbata)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nafumbata
|
twafumbata
|
| 2nd person
|
wafumbata
|
mwafumbata
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
afumbata
|
wafumbata
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wafumbata
|
yafumbata
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lafumbata
|
yafumbata
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chafumbata
|
vyafumbata
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yafumbata
|
zafumbata
|
| u(XI)
|
wafumbata
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwafumbata
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pafumbata
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwafumbata
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mefumbata
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshafumbata
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jafumbata
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kifumbata
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipofumbata
|
| Consecutive
|
kafumbata / positive subject concord + -kafumbata
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kafumbate
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nifumbata
|
-tufumbata
|
| 2nd person
|
-kufumbata
|
-wafumbata/-kufumbateni/-wafumbateni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mfumbata
|
-wafumbata
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ufumbata
|
-ifumbata
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lifumbata
|
-yafumbata
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kifumbata
|
-vifumbata
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ifumbata
|
-zifumbata
|
| u(XI)
|
-ufumbata
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kufumbata
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pafumbata
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mufumbata
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jifumbata
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -fumbata- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-fumbataye
|
-fumbatao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-fumbatao
|
-fumbatayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-fumbatalo
|
-fumbatayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-fumbatacho
|
-fumbatavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-fumbatayo
|
-fumbatazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-fumbatao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-fumbatako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-fumbatapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-fumbatamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -fumbata)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yefumbata
|
-ofumbata
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ofumbata
|
-yofumbata
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lofumbata
|
-yofumbata
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chofumbata
|
-vyofumbata
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yofumbata
|
-zofumbata
|
| u(XI)
|
-ofumbata
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kofumbata
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pofumbata
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mofumbata
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
References
- ^ Lodhi, Abdulaziz Y. (2002) “Verbal extensions in Bantu (the case of Swahili and Nyamwezi)”, in Africa & Asia[1], volume 2, →ISSN, archived from the original on 11 December 2009, section 3.6, page 16 of 4-26.