Swahili
Verb
-gawisha (infinitive kugawisha)
- Causative form of -gawa
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -gawisha
|
| Positive present
|
-nagawisha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-gawishe
|
| Negative
|
-gawishi
|
| Imperative singular
|
gawisha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
gawisha
|
| Plural
|
gawisheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hugawisha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -ligawisha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kugawisha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nagawisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninagawisha/nagawisha
|
tunagawisha
|
| 2nd person
|
unagawisha
|
mnagawisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anagawisha
|
wanagawisha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nagawisha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -gawishi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sigawishi
|
hatugawishi
|
| 2nd person
|
hugawishi
|
hamgawishi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hagawishi
|
hawagawishi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -gawishi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tagawisha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tagawisha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -gawishe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nigawishe
|
tugawishe
|
| 2nd person
|
ugawishe
|
mgawishe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
agawishe
|
wagawishe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -gawishe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sigawishe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngegawisha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singegawisha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaligawisha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaligawisha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -agawisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nagawisha
|
twagawisha
|
| 2nd person
|
wagawisha
|
mwagawisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
agawisha
|
wagawisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wagawisha
|
yagawisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lagawisha
|
yagawisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chagawisha
|
vyagawisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yagawisha
|
zagawisha
|
| u(XI)
|
wagawisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwagawisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pagawisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwagawisha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -megawisha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshagawisha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jagawisha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kigawisha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipogawisha
|
| Consecutive
|
kagawisha / positive subject concord + -kagawisha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kagawishe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nigawisha
|
-tugawisha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kugawisha
|
-wagawisha/-kugawisheni/-wagawisheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mgawisha
|
-wagawisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ugawisha
|
-igawisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-ligawisha
|
-yagawisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kigawisha
|
-vigawisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-igawisha
|
-zigawisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-ugawisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kugawisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pagawisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mugawisha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jigawisha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -gawisha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-gawishaye
|
-gawishao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-gawishao
|
-gawishayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-gawishalo
|
-gawishayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-gawishacho
|
-gawishavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-gawishayo
|
-gawishazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-gawishao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-gawishako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-gawishapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-gawishamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -gawisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yegawisha
|
-ogawisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ogawisha
|
-yogawisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-logawisha
|
-yogawisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chogawisha
|
-vyogawisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yogawisha
|
-zogawisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-ogawisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kogawisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pogawisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mogawisha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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