Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-gongana (infinitive kugongana)
- Reciprocal form of -gonga
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -gongana
|
| Positive present
|
-nagongana
|
| Subjunctive
|
-gongane
|
| Negative
|
-gongani
|
| Imperative singular
|
gongana
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
gongana
|
| Plural
|
gonganeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hugongana
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -ligongana
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kugongana
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nagongana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninagongana/nagongana
|
tunagongana
|
| 2nd person
|
unagongana
|
mnagongana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anagongana
|
wanagongana
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nagongana
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -gongani)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sigongani
|
hatugongani
|
| 2nd person
|
hugongani
|
hamgongani
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hagongani
|
hawagongani
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -gongani
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tagongana
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tagongana
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -gongane)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nigongane
|
tugongane
|
| 2nd person
|
ugongane
|
mgongane
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
agongane
|
wagongane
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -gongane
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sigongane
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngegongana
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singegongana
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaligongana
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaligongana
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -agongana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nagongana
|
twagongana
|
| 2nd person
|
wagongana
|
mwagongana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
agongana
|
wagongana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wagongana
|
yagongana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lagongana
|
yagongana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chagongana
|
vyagongana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yagongana
|
zagongana
|
| u(XI)
|
wagongana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwagongana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pagongana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwagongana
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -megongana
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshagongana
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jagongana
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kigongana
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipogongana
|
| Consecutive
|
kagongana / positive subject concord + -kagongana
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kagongane
|
| Object concord
|
—
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + -gongana- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-gonganaye
|
-gonganao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-gonganao
|
-gonganayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-gonganalo
|
-gonganayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-gonganacho
|
-gonganavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-gonganayo
|
-gonganazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-gonganao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-gonganako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-gonganapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-gonganamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + -gongana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yegongana
|
-ogongana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ogongana
|
-yogongana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-logongana
|
-yogongana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chogongana
|
-vyogongana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yogongana
|
-zogongana
|
| u(XI)
|
-ogongana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kogongana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pogongana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mogongana
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms
- Nominal derivations:
- mgongano (“collision, impact, crash, clash; conflict”)