Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-gugumiza (infinitive kugugumiza)
- to gulp
- to stammer, to stutter
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -gugumiza
|
| Positive present
|
-nagugumiza
|
| Subjunctive
|
-gugumize
|
| Negative
|
-gugumizi
|
| Imperative singular
|
gugumiza
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
gugumiza
|
| Plural
|
gugumizeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hugugumiza
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -ligugumiza
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kugugumiza
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nagugumiza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninagugumiza/nagugumiza
|
tunagugumiza
|
| 2nd person
|
unagugumiza
|
mnagugumiza
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anagugumiza
|
wanagugumiza
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nagugumiza
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -gugumizi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sigugumizi
|
hatugugumizi
|
| 2nd person
|
hugugumizi
|
hamgugumizi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hagugumizi
|
hawagugumizi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -gugumizi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tagugumiza
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tagugumiza
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -gugumize)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nigugumize
|
tugugumize
|
| 2nd person
|
ugugumize
|
mgugumize
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
agugumize
|
wagugumize
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -gugumize
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sigugumize
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngegugumiza
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singegugumiza
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaligugumiza
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaligugumiza
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -agugumiza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nagugumiza
|
twagugumiza
|
| 2nd person
|
wagugumiza
|
mwagugumiza
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
agugumiza
|
wagugumiza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wagugumiza
|
yagugumiza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lagugumiza
|
yagugumiza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chagugumiza
|
vyagugumiza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yagugumiza
|
zagugumiza
|
| u(XI)
|
wagugumiza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwagugumiza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pagugumiza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwagugumiza
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -megugumiza
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshagugumiza
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jagugumiza
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kigugumiza
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipogugumiza
|
| Consecutive
|
kagugumiza / positive subject concord + -kagugumiza
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kagugumize
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nigugumiza
|
-tugugumiza
|
| 2nd person
|
-kugugumiza
|
-wagugumiza/-kugugumizeni/-wagugumizeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mgugumiza
|
-wagugumiza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ugugumiza
|
-igugumiza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-ligugumiza
|
-yagugumiza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kigugumiza
|
-vigugumiza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-igugumiza
|
-zigugumiza
|
| u(XI)
|
-ugugumiza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kugugumiza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pagugumiza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mugugumiza
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jigugumiza
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -gugumiza- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-gugumizaye
|
-gugumizao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-gugumizao
|
-gugumizayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-gugumizalo
|
-gugumizayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-gugumizacho
|
-gugumizavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-gugumizayo
|
-gugumizazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-gugumizao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-gugumizako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-gugumizapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-gugumizamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -gugumiza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yegugumiza
|
-ogugumiza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ogugumiza
|
-yogugumiza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-logugumiza
|
-yogugumiza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chogugumiza
|
-vyogugumiza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yogugumiza
|
-zogugumiza
|
| u(XI)
|
-ogugumiza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kogugumiza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pogugumiza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mogugumiza
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms