Swahili
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic حَاضَرَ (ḥāḍara).
Pronunciation
Verb
-hadhiri (infinitive kuhadhiri)
- to give a lecture to
- to lecture
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -hadhiri
|
| Positive present
|
-nahadhiri
|
| Subjunctive
|
-hadhiri
|
| Negative
|
-hadhiri
|
| Imperative singular
|
hadhiri
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
hadhiri
|
| Plural
|
hadhirini
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huhadhiri
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lihadhiri
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuhadhiri
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nahadhiri)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninahadhiri/nahadhiri
|
tunahadhiri
|
| 2nd person
|
unahadhiri
|
mnahadhiri
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anahadhiri
|
wanahadhiri
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nahadhiri
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -hadhiri)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sihadhiri
|
hatuhadhiri
|
| 2nd person
|
huhadhiri
|
hamhadhiri
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hahadhiri
|
hawahadhiri
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -hadhiri
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tahadhiri
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tahadhiri
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -hadhiri)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nihadhiri
|
tuhadhiri
|
| 2nd person
|
uhadhiri
|
mhadhiri
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ahadhiri
|
wahadhiri
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -hadhiri
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sihadhiri
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngehadhiri
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singehadhiri
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalihadhiri
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalihadhiri
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ahadhiri)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nahadhiri
|
twahadhiri
|
| 2nd person
|
wahadhiri
|
mwahadhiri
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ahadhiri
|
wahadhiri
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wahadhiri
|
yahadhiri
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lahadhiri
|
yahadhiri
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chahadhiri
|
vyahadhiri
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yahadhiri
|
zahadhiri
|
| u(XI)
|
wahadhiri
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwahadhiri
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pahadhiri
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwahadhiri
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mehadhiri
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshahadhiri
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jahadhiri
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kihadhiri
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipohadhiri
|
| Consecutive
|
kahadhiri / positive subject concord + -kahadhiri
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kahadhiri
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nihadhiri
|
-tuhadhiri
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuhadhiri
|
-wahadhiri/-kuhadhirini/-wahadhirini
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mhadhiri
|
-wahadhiri
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uhadhiri
|
-ihadhiri
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lihadhiri
|
-yahadhiri
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kihadhiri
|
-vihadhiri
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ihadhiri
|
-zihadhiri
|
| u(XI)
|
-uhadhiri
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuhadhiri
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pahadhiri
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muhadhiri
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jihadhiri
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -hadhiri- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-hadhiriye
|
-hadhirio
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-hadhirio
|
-hadhiriyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-hadhirilo
|
-hadhiriyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-hadhiricho
|
-hadhirivyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-hadhiriyo
|
-hadhirizo
|
| u(XI)
|
-hadhirio
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-hadhiriko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-hadhiripo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-hadhirimo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -hadhiri)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yehadhiri
|
-ohadhiri
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ohadhiri
|
-yohadhiri
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lohadhiri
|
-yohadhiri
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chohadhiri
|
-vyohadhiri
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yohadhiri
|
-zohadhiri
|
| u(XI)
|
-ohadhiri
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kohadhiri
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pohadhiri
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mohadhiri
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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