hela
Esperanto
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhela/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ela
- Hyphenation: he‧la
Adjective
hela (accusative singular helan, plural helaj, accusative plural helajn)
- clear, bright
- 1997, Henrik Ibsen, translated by Odd Tangerud, John Gabriel Borkman:
- Li estas juna homo kun helaj, bravaj okuloj.
- He is a young man with bright, brave eyes.
Related terms
Finnish
Etymology
A word from the same stem as heleä (“bright (e.g. of a sound)”) and helistä (“to clink, jingle, tingle”);[1] thus a sound-symbolic word. Morphologically possibly a back-formation.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhelɑ/, [ˈhe̞lɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -elɑ
- Syllabification(key): he‧la
- Hyphenation(key): he‧la
Noun
hela
Declension
Inflection of hela (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | hela | helat | |
genitive | helan | helojen | |
partitive | helaa | heloja | |
illative | helaan | heloihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | hela | helat | |
accusative | nom. | hela | helat |
gen. | helan | ||
genitive | helan | helojen helain rare | |
partitive | helaa | heloja | |
inessive | helassa | heloissa | |
elative | helasta | heloista | |
illative | helaan | heloihin | |
adessive | helalla | heloilla | |
ablative | helalta | heloilta | |
allative | helalle | heloille | |
essive | helana | heloina | |
translative | helaksi | heloiksi | |
abessive | helatta | heloitta | |
instructive | — | heloin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of hela (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
References
- ^ Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN
Further reading
- “hela”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023
Ido
Etymology
Borrowed from German hell. Not inherited from Esperanto hela, but could be influenced. The native word is klara.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhela/
Adjective
hela
Indonesian
Etymology
From Malay hela, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hilah (“drag, pull”). Cognate with Tagalog hila.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈhela]
- Hyphenation: hé‧la
Verb
héla
Derived terms
Regular affixed derivations:
- penghela [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
- helaan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
- menghela [agent focus] (meN-)
- helakan [causative benefactive] (-kan)
- menghelakan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
- dihela [patient focus] (di-)
- dihelakan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
References
- “hela” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Malay
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hilah (“drag, pull”). Cognate with Tagalog hila.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hela/
- Rhymes: -ela, -la
Verb
héla (Jawi spelling هيلا)
Derived terms
Regular affixed derivations:
- penghela [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
- helaan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
- menghela [agent focus] (meN-)
- helakan [causative benefactive] (-kan)
- menghelakan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
- dihela [patient focus] (di-)
- dihelakan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
Descendants
References
- “hela” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Norwegian Bokmål
Alternative forms
Verb
hela
Norwegian Nynorsk
Verb
hela (present tense helar, past tense hela, past participle hela, passive infinitive helast, present participle helande, imperative hela/hel)
- alternative form of hele
Noun
hela f (definite singular hela, indefinite plural heler or helor, definite plural helene or helone)
Old English
Etymology 1
From Proto-West Germanic *hą̄hilō. Cognate with Old Frisian hēla.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxeː.lɑ/, [ˈheː.lɑ]
Noun
hēla m (nominative plural hēlan)
Descendants
Etymology 2
Variant of ēalā, equivalent to *hē + lā.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxeː.lɑː/, [ˈheː.lɑː]
Interjection
hēlā
- alternative form of ēalā
Old Frisian
Etymology 1
From Proto-West Germanic *hą̄hilō. Cognates with Old English hēla.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈheːla/, [ˈheːla]
Noun
hēla m
Descendants
Etymology 2
From Proto-West Germanic *hailijan. Cognate with Old English hǣlan, Old Saxon hēlian.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈheːla/, [ˈhɛːla]
Verb
hēla
- (transitive) to heal
Descendants
- Saterland Frisian: heila
- West Frisian: hielje
References
- Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, pages 26, 28
Old Swedish
Etymology
From Old Norse heila, from Proto-Germanic *hailijaną.
Verb
hēla
Conjugation
present | past | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | hēla | — | ||||
participle | hēlandi, hēlande | hēlder | ||||
active voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
iæk | hēlir | hēli, hēle | — | hēldi, hēlde | hēldi, hēlde | |
þū | hēlir | hēli, hēle | hēl | hēldi, hēlde | hēldi, hēlde | |
han | hēlir | hēli, hēle | — | hēldi, hēlde | hēldi, hēlde | |
vīr | hēlum, hēlom | hēlum, hēlom | hēlum, hēlom | hēldum, hēldom | hēldum, hēldom | |
īr | hēlin | hēlin | hēlin | hēldin | hēldin | |
þēr | hēla | hēlin | — | hēldu, hēldo | hēldin | |
mediopassive voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
iæk | hēlis | hēlis, hēles | — | hēldis, hēldes | hēldis, hēldes | |
þū | hēlis | hēlis, hēles | — | hēldis, hēldes | hēldis, hēldes | |
han | hēlis | hēlis, hēles | — | hēldis, hēldes | hēldis, hēldes | |
vīr | hēlums, hēloms | hēlums, hēloms | — | hēldums, hēldoms | hēldums, hēldoms | |
īr | hēlins | hēlins | — | hēldins | hēldins | |
þēr | hēlas | hēlins | — | hēldus, hēldos | hēldins |
or
present | past | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | hēla | — | ||||
participle | hēlandi, -e | hēlaþer | ||||
active voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
iæk | hēlar | hēli, -e | — | hēlaþi, -e | hēlaþi, -e | |
þū | hēlar | hēli, -e | hēla | hēlaþi, -e | hēlaþi, -e | |
han | hēlar | hēli, -e | — | hēlaþi, -e | hēlaþi, -e | |
vīr | hēlum, -om | hēlum, -om | hēlum, -om | hēlaþum, -om | hēlaþum, -om | |
īr | hēlin | hēlin | hēlin | hēlaþin | hēlaþin | |
þēr | hēla | hēlin | — | hēlaþu, -o | hēlaþin | |
mediopassive voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
iæk | hēlas | hēlis, -es | — | hēlaþis, -es | hēlaþis, -es | |
þū | hēlas | hēlis, -es | — | hēlaþis, -es | hēlaþis, -es | |
han | hēlas | hēlis, -es | — | hēlaþis, -es | hēlaþis, -es | |
vīr | hēlums, -oms | hēlums, -oms | — | hēlaþums, -oms | hēlaþums, -oms | |
īr | hēlins | hēlins | — | hēlaþins | hēlaþins | |
þēr | hēlas | hēlins | — | hēlaþus, -os | hēlaþins |
Descendants
- Swedish: hela
Polish
Alternative forms
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- (Greater Poland):
- (Kuyavia) IPA(key): /ˈxɛ.la/
- Homophone: Hela
Noun
hela f
- (Kuyavia) crate for transporting potatoes
- Synonym: paka
Further reading
- Józef Bliziński (1860) “hela”, in Abecadłowy spis wyrazów języka ludowego w Kujawach i Galicyi Zachodniej (in Polish), Warszawa, page 623
- Oskar Kolberg (1867) “hela”, in Dzieła wszystkie: Kujawy (in Polish), page 271
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈela/ [ˈe.la]
- Rhymes: -ela
- Syllabification: he‧la
Verb
hela
- inflection of haber:
Swahili
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhɛ.la/
Audio (Kenya): (file)
Etymology 1
Borrowed from German Heller,[1] which was introduced in 1904 at the value of 1/100 rupee.
Noun
hela class IX (plural hela class X)
References
- ^ Mugane, John M. (2015) The Story of Swahili (Africa in World History), Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press, →ISBN, page 54: “Nonetheless, the Swahili took in a number of German words to talk about their experiences with these intruders. They adopted the word Heller, from a Schwabian coin [...], for “money,” and its Swahili form, hela, has persisted.”
Etymology 2
Other scripts | |
---|---|
Ajami | هِيْلَ |
Probably from dialectal Arabic هَلَا (halā). Compare also هَلُمَّ (halumma).
Interjection
hela
- Exclamation to get attention: hey
- 18th century, Abdallah bin Ali bin Nasir, Al-Inkishafi[2], translation from R. Allen (1946) “Inkishafi—a translation from the Swahili”, in African Studies, volume 5, number 4, , pages 243–249, stanza 11:
- مُيُ وَاغُ نِنِ هُزُدُكَانِ ، لِكُغُرِيِلُ هِيْلَ نِنْنِ ،
- Moyo wangu nini huzundukani, likughuriyelo hela ni-n'ni?
- Soul, why not awake? Hi! what is it that cheats you?
Swedish
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Etymology 1
Adjective
hela
- inflection of hel:
- definite singular
- plural
Etymology 2
From Old Swedish hēla, from Old Norse heila, from Proto-Germanic *hailijaną. Equivalent to Swedish hel + -a.
Verb
hela (present helar, preterite helade, supine helat, imperative hela)
Conjugation
active | passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | hela | helas | ||
supine | helat | helats | ||
imperative | hela | — | ||
imper. plural1 | helen | — | ||
present | past | present | past | |
indicative | helar | helade | helas | helades |
ind. plural1 | hela | helade | helas | helades |
subjunctive2 | hele | helade | heles | helades |
present participle | helande | |||
past participle | helad |
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.
Related terms
Ternate
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhe.la/
Verb
hela
- (transitive) to pull
Conjugation
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
inclusive | exclusive | |||
1st person | tohela | fohela | mihela | |
2nd person | nohela | nihela | ||
3rd person |
masculine | ohela | ihela yohela (archaic) | |
feminine | mohela | |||
neuter | ihela |
References
- Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh
Turkish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /he.ˈlaː/
- Hyphenation: he‧la
Noun
hela (definite accusative helayı, plural helalar)
- toilet
- Synonyms: abdesthane, ayakyolu, kenef, tuvalet, yüznumara
- Montunu al ve helaya git, montunu giy montla sıç, montla sıç.
- Take your coat and go to the toilet, put your coat on and shit with your coat on, with your coat on.
Conjugation
|
References
- “hela”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
Welsh
Pronunciation
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈhɛla/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈhɛla/
- (South Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈhala/
Verb
hela (first-person singular present helaf, not mutable)
- alternative form of hel