Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-hongwa (infinitive kuhongwa)
- Passive form of -honga: to be bribed
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -hongwa
|
| Positive present
|
-nahongwa
|
| Subjunctive
|
-hongwe
|
| Negative
|
-hongwi
|
| Imperative singular
|
hongwa
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
hongwa
|
| Plural
|
hongweni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huhongwa
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lihongwa
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuhongwa
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nahongwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninahongwa/nahongwa
|
tunahongwa
|
| 2nd person
|
unahongwa
|
mnahongwa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anahongwa
|
wanahongwa
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nahongwa
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -hongwi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sihongwi
|
hatuhongwi
|
| 2nd person
|
huhongwi
|
hamhongwi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hahongwi
|
hawahongwi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -hongwi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tahongwa
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tahongwa
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -hongwe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nihongwe
|
tuhongwe
|
| 2nd person
|
uhongwe
|
mhongwe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ahongwe
|
wahongwe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -hongwe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sihongwe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngehongwa
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singehongwa
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalihongwa
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalihongwa
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ahongwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nahongwa
|
twahongwa
|
| 2nd person
|
wahongwa
|
mwahongwa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ahongwa
|
wahongwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wahongwa
|
yahongwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lahongwa
|
yahongwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chahongwa
|
vyahongwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yahongwa
|
zahongwa
|
| u(XI)
|
wahongwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwahongwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pahongwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwahongwa
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mehongwa
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshahongwa
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jahongwa
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kihongwa
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipohongwa
|
| Consecutive
|
kahongwa / positive subject concord + -kahongwa
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kahongwe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nihongwa
|
-tuhongwa
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuhongwa
|
-wahongwa/-kuhongweni/-wahongweni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mhongwa
|
-wahongwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uhongwa
|
-ihongwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lihongwa
|
-yahongwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kihongwa
|
-vihongwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ihongwa
|
-zihongwa
|
| u(XI)
|
-uhongwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuhongwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pahongwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muhongwa
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jihongwa
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -hongwa- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-hongwaye
|
-hongwao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-hongwao
|
-hongwayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-hongwalo
|
-hongwayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-hongwacho
|
-hongwavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-hongwayo
|
-hongwazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-hongwao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-hongwako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-hongwapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-hongwamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -hongwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yehongwa
|
-ohongwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ohongwa
|
-yohongwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lohongwa
|
-yohongwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chohongwa
|
-vyohongwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yohongwa
|
-zohongwa
|
| u(XI)
|
-ohongwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kohongwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pohongwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mohongwa
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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