Swahili
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-jíbʊka.
Pronunciation
Verb
-ibuka (infinitive kuibuka)
- to emerge, to resurface, to rise
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -ibuka
|
| Positive present
|
-naibuka
|
| Subjunctive
|
-ibuke
|
| Negative
|
-ibuki
|
| Imperative singular
|
ibuka
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kuibuka
|
| Negative
|
kutoibuka
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
ibuka
|
| Plural
|
ibukeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huibuka
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -liibuka
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuibuka
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -naibuka)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninaibuka/naibuka
|
tunaibuka
|
| 2nd person
|
unaibuka
|
mnaibuka
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anaibuka
|
wanaibuka
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -naibuka
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -ibuki)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
siibuki
|
hatuibuki
|
| 2nd person
|
huibuki
|
hamwibuki
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
haibuki
|
hawaibuki
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -ibuki
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -taibuka
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -taibuka
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -ibuke)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
niibuke
|
tuibuke
|
| 2nd person
|
uibuke
|
mwibuke
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aibuke
|
waibuke
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -ibuke
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siibuke
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeibuka
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeibuka
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaliibuka
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaliibuka
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aibuka)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
naibuka
|
twaibuka
|
| 2nd person
|
waibuka
|
mwaibuka
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aibuka
|
waibuka
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
waibuka
|
yaibuka
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
laibuka
|
yaibuka
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chaibuka
|
vyaibuka
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yaibuka
|
zaibuka
|
| u(XI)
|
waibuka
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwaibuka
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
paibuka
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwaibuka
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meibuka
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshaibuka
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jaibuka
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiibuka
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipoibuka
|
| Consecutive
|
kaibuka / positive subject concord + -kaibuka
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kaibuke
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-niibuka
|
-tuibuka
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuibuka
|
-waibuka/-kuibukeni/-waibukeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mwibuka
|
-waibuka
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uibuka
|
-iibuka
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-liibuka
|
-yaibuka
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kiibuka
|
-viibuka
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-iibuka
|
-ziibuka
|
| u(XI)
|
-uibuka
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuibuka
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-paibuka
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muibuka
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jiibuka
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -ibuka- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-ibukaye
|
-ibukao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ibukao
|
-ibukayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-ibukalo
|
-ibukayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-ibukacho
|
-ibukavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ibukayo
|
-ibukazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-ibukao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-ibukako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-ibukapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-ibukamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -ibuka)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeibuka
|
-oibuka
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oibuka
|
-yoibuka
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loibuka
|
-yoibuka
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choibuka
|
-vyoibuka
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoibuka
|
-zoibuka
|
| u(XI)
|
-oibuka
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koibuka
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poibuka
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moibuka
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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