Swahili
Etymology
Reduplication of -inuka.
Pronunciation
Verb
-inukainuka (infinitive kuinukainuka)
- to rise gradually
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -inukainuka
|
| Positive present
|
-nainukainuka
|
| Subjunctive
|
-inukainuke
|
| Negative
|
-inukainuki
|
| Imperative singular
|
inukainuka
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
inukainuka
|
| Plural
|
inukainukeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huinukainuka
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -liinukainuka
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuinukainuka
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nainukainuka)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninainukainuka/nainukainuka
|
tunainukainuka
|
| 2nd person
|
unainukainuka
|
mnainukainuka
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anainukainuka
|
wanainukainuka
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nainukainuka
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -inukainuki)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
siinukainuki
|
hatuinukainuki
|
| 2nd person
|
huinukainuki
|
hamwinukainuki
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hainukainuki
|
hawainukainuki
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -inukainuki
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tainukainuka
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tainukainuka
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -inukainuke)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
niinukainuke
|
tuinukainuke
|
| 2nd person
|
uinukainuke
|
mwinukainuke
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ainukainuke
|
wainukainuke
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -inukainuke
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siinukainuke
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeinukainuka
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeinukainuka
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaliinukainuka
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaliinukainuka
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ainukainuka)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nainukainuka
|
twainukainuka
|
| 2nd person
|
wainukainuka
|
mwainukainuka
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ainukainuka
|
wainukainuka
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wainukainuka
|
yainukainuka
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lainukainuka
|
yainukainuka
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chainukainuka
|
vyainukainuka
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yainukainuka
|
zainukainuka
|
| u(XI)
|
wainukainuka
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwainukainuka
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
painukainuka
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwainukainuka
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meinukainuka
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshainukainuka
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jainukainuka
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiinukainuka
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipoinukainuka
|
| Consecutive
|
kainukainuka / positive subject concord + -kainukainuka
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kainukainuke
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-niinukainuka
|
-tuinukainuka
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuinukainuka
|
-wainukainuka/-kuinukainukeni/-wainukainukeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mwinukainuka
|
-wainukainuka
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uinukainuka
|
-iinukainuka
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-liinukainuka
|
-yainukainuka
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kiinukainuka
|
-viinukainuka
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-iinukainuka
|
-ziinukainuka
|
| u(XI)
|
-uinukainuka
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuinukainuka
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-painukainuka
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muinukainuka
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jiinukainuka
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -inukainuka- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-inukainukaye
|
-inukainukao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-inukainukao
|
-inukainukayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-inukainukalo
|
-inukainukayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-inukainukacho
|
-inukainukavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-inukainukayo
|
-inukainukazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-inukainukao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-inukainukako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-inukainukapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-inukainukamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -inukainuka)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeinukainuka
|
-oinukainuka
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oinukainuka
|
-yoinukainuka
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loinukainuka
|
-yoinukainuka
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choinukainuka
|
-vyoinukainuka
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoinukainuka
|
-zoinukainuka
|
| u(XI)
|
-oinukainuka
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koinukainuka
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poinukainuka
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moinukainuka
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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