Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-kalisha (infinitive kukalisha)
- Applicative form of -kaa: to seat
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -kalisha
|
| Positive present
|
-nakalisha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-kalishe
|
| Negative
|
-kalishi
|
| Imperative singular
|
kalisha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
kalisha
|
| Plural
|
kalisheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hukalisha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -likalisha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kukalisha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakalisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninakalisha/nakalisha
|
tunakalisha
|
| 2nd person
|
unakalisha
|
mnakalisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anakalisha
|
wanakalisha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nakalisha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -kalishi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sikalishi
|
hatukalishi
|
| 2nd person
|
hukalishi
|
hamkalishi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hakalishi
|
hawakalishi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -kalishi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -takalisha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -takalisha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kalishe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nikalishe
|
tukalishe
|
| 2nd person
|
ukalishe
|
mkalishe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akalishe
|
wakalishe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -kalishe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sikalishe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngekalisha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singekalisha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalikalisha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalikalisha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akalisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nakalisha
|
twakalisha
|
| 2nd person
|
wakalisha
|
mwakalisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akalisha
|
wakalisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wakalisha
|
yakalisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lakalisha
|
yakalisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chakalisha
|
vyakalisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yakalisha
|
zakalisha
|
| u(XI)
|
wakalisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwakalisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pakalisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwakalisha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mekalisha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshakalisha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jakalisha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kikalisha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipokalisha
|
| Consecutive
|
kakalisha / positive subject concord + -kakalisha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kakalishe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nikalisha
|
-tukalisha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kukalisha
|
-wakalisha/-kukalisheni/-wakalisheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mkalisha
|
-wakalisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ukalisha
|
-ikalisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-likalisha
|
-yakalisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kikalisha
|
-vikalisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ikalisha
|
-zikalisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-ukalisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kukalisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pakalisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mukalisha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jikalisha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kalisha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-kalishaye
|
-kalishao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-kalishao
|
-kalishayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-kalishalo
|
-kalishayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kalishacho
|
-kalishavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-kalishayo
|
-kalishazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-kalishao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kalishako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-kalishapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-kalishamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kalisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yekalisha
|
-okalisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-okalisha
|
-yokalisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lokalisha
|
-yokalisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chokalisha
|
-vyokalisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yokalisha
|
-zokalisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-okalisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kokalisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pokalisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mokalisha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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