Swahili
Etymology
From kamili + -isha (causative affix).
Pronunciation
Verb
-kamilisha (infinitive kukamilisha)
- to complete, to finalize
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -kamilisha
|
| Positive present
|
-nakamilisha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-kamilishe
|
| Negative
|
-kamilishi
|
| Imperative singular
|
kamilisha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
kamilisha
|
| Plural
|
kamilisheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hukamilisha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -likamilisha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kukamilisha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakamilisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninakamilisha/nakamilisha
|
tunakamilisha
|
| 2nd person
|
unakamilisha
|
mnakamilisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anakamilisha
|
wanakamilisha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nakamilisha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -kamilishi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sikamilishi
|
hatukamilishi
|
| 2nd person
|
hukamilishi
|
hamkamilishi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hakamilishi
|
hawakamilishi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -kamilishi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -takamilisha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -takamilisha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kamilishe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nikamilishe
|
tukamilishe
|
| 2nd person
|
ukamilishe
|
mkamilishe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akamilishe
|
wakamilishe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -kamilishe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sikamilishe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngekamilisha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singekamilisha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalikamilisha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalikamilisha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akamilisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nakamilisha
|
twakamilisha
|
| 2nd person
|
wakamilisha
|
mwakamilisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akamilisha
|
wakamilisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wakamilisha
|
yakamilisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lakamilisha
|
yakamilisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chakamilisha
|
vyakamilisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yakamilisha
|
zakamilisha
|
| u(XI)
|
wakamilisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwakamilisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pakamilisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwakamilisha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mekamilisha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshakamilisha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jakamilisha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kikamilisha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipokamilisha
|
| Consecutive
|
kakamilisha / positive subject concord + -kakamilisha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kakamilishe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nikamilisha
|
-tukamilisha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kukamilisha
|
-wakamilisha/-kukamilisheni/-wakamilisheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mkamilisha
|
-wakamilisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ukamilisha
|
-ikamilisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-likamilisha
|
-yakamilisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kikamilisha
|
-vikamilisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ikamilisha
|
-zikamilisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-ukamilisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kukamilisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pakamilisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mukamilisha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jikamilisha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kamilisha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-kamilishaye
|
-kamilishao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-kamilishao
|
-kamilishayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-kamilishalo
|
-kamilishayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kamilishacho
|
-kamilishavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-kamilishayo
|
-kamilishazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-kamilishao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kamilishako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-kamilishapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-kamilishamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kamilisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yekamilisha
|
-okamilisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-okamilisha
|
-yokamilisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lokamilisha
|
-yokamilisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chokamilisha
|
-vyokamilisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yokamilisha
|
-zokamilisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-okamilisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kokamilisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pokamilisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mokamilisha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms