Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-kanusha (infinitive kukanusha)
- to refute, deny, rebut
- to refuse (to decline a request or demand)
- to disprove, retract
- to negate
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -kanusha
|
| Positive present
|
-nakanusha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-kanushe
|
| Negative
|
-kanushi
|
| Imperative singular
|
kanusha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
kanusha
|
| Plural
|
kanusheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hukanusha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -likanusha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kukanusha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakanusha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninakanusha/nakanusha
|
tunakanusha
|
| 2nd person
|
unakanusha
|
mnakanusha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anakanusha
|
wanakanusha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nakanusha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -kanushi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sikanushi
|
hatukanushi
|
| 2nd person
|
hukanushi
|
hamkanushi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hakanushi
|
hawakanushi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -kanushi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -takanusha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -takanusha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kanushe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nikanushe
|
tukanushe
|
| 2nd person
|
ukanushe
|
mkanushe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akanushe
|
wakanushe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -kanushe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sikanushe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngekanusha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singekanusha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalikanusha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalikanusha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akanusha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nakanusha
|
twakanusha
|
| 2nd person
|
wakanusha
|
mwakanusha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akanusha
|
wakanusha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wakanusha
|
yakanusha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lakanusha
|
yakanusha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chakanusha
|
vyakanusha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yakanusha
|
zakanusha
|
| u(XI)
|
wakanusha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwakanusha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pakanusha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwakanusha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mekanusha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshakanusha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jakanusha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kikanusha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipokanusha
|
| Consecutive
|
kakanusha / positive subject concord + -kakanusha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kakanushe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nikanusha
|
-tukanusha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kukanusha
|
-wakanusha/-kukanusheni/-wakanusheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mkanusha
|
-wakanusha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ukanusha
|
-ikanusha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-likanusha
|
-yakanusha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kikanusha
|
-vikanusha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ikanusha
|
-zikanusha
|
| u(XI)
|
-ukanusha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kukanusha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pakanusha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mukanusha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jikanusha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kanusha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-kanushaye
|
-kanushao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-kanushao
|
-kanushayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-kanushalo
|
-kanushayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kanushacho
|
-kanushavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-kanushayo
|
-kanushazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-kanushao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kanushako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-kanushapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-kanushamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kanusha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yekanusha
|
-okanusha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-okanusha
|
-yokanusha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lokanusha
|
-yokanusha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chokanusha
|
-vyokanusha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yokanusha
|
-zokanusha
|
| u(XI)
|
-okanusha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kokanusha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pokanusha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mokanusha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms