Swahili
Etymology
From karibu (“welcome”) + -isha (causative affix).
Pronunciation
Verb
-karibisha (infinitive kukaribisha)
- Causative form of karibu: to welcome (affirm or greet the arrival of someone)
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -karibisha
|
| Positive present
|
-nakaribisha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-karibishe
|
| Negative
|
-karibishi
|
| Imperative singular
|
karibisha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
karibisha
|
| Plural
|
karibisheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hukaribisha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -likaribisha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kukaribisha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakaribisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninakaribisha/nakaribisha
|
tunakaribisha
|
| 2nd person
|
unakaribisha
|
mnakaribisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anakaribisha
|
wanakaribisha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nakaribisha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -karibishi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sikaribishi
|
hatukaribishi
|
| 2nd person
|
hukaribishi
|
hamkaribishi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hakaribishi
|
hawakaribishi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -karibishi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -takaribisha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -takaribisha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -karibishe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nikaribishe
|
tukaribishe
|
| 2nd person
|
ukaribishe
|
mkaribishe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akaribishe
|
wakaribishe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -karibishe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sikaribishe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngekaribisha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singekaribisha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalikaribisha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalikaribisha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akaribisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nakaribisha
|
twakaribisha
|
| 2nd person
|
wakaribisha
|
mwakaribisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akaribisha
|
wakaribisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wakaribisha
|
yakaribisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lakaribisha
|
yakaribisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chakaribisha
|
vyakaribisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yakaribisha
|
zakaribisha
|
| u(XI)
|
wakaribisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwakaribisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pakaribisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwakaribisha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mekaribisha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshakaribisha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jakaribisha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kikaribisha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipokaribisha
|
| Consecutive
|
kakaribisha / positive subject concord + -kakaribisha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kakaribishe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nikaribisha
|
-tukaribisha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kukaribisha
|
-wakaribisha/-kukaribisheni/-wakaribisheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mkaribisha
|
-wakaribisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ukaribisha
|
-ikaribisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-likaribisha
|
-yakaribisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kikaribisha
|
-vikaribisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ikaribisha
|
-zikaribisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-ukaribisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kukaribisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pakaribisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mukaribisha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jikaribisha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -karibisha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-karibishaye
|
-karibishao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-karibishao
|
-karibishayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-karibishalo
|
-karibishayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-karibishacho
|
-karibishavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-karibishayo
|
-karibishazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-karibishao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-karibishako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-karibishapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-karibishamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -karibisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yekaribisha
|
-okaribisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-okaribisha
|
-yokaribisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lokaribisha
|
-yokaribisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chokaribisha
|
-vyokaribisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yokaribisha
|
-zokaribisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-okaribisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kokaribisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pokaribisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mokaribisha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms