Swahili
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic أَقْرَضَ (ʔaqraḍa).
Verb
-karidhi (infinitive kukaridhi)
- to lend money (without interest)
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -karidhi
|
| Positive present
|
-nakaridhi
|
| Subjunctive
|
-karidhi
|
| Negative
|
-karidhi
|
| Imperative singular
|
karidhi
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
karidhi
|
| Plural
|
karidhini
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hukaridhi
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -likaridhi
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kukaridhi
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakaridhi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninakaridhi/nakaridhi
|
tunakaridhi
|
| 2nd person
|
unakaridhi
|
mnakaridhi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anakaridhi
|
wanakaridhi
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nakaridhi
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -karidhi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sikaridhi
|
hatukaridhi
|
| 2nd person
|
hukaridhi
|
hamkaridhi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hakaridhi
|
hawakaridhi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -karidhi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -takaridhi
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -takaridhi
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -karidhi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nikaridhi
|
tukaridhi
|
| 2nd person
|
ukaridhi
|
mkaridhi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akaridhi
|
wakaridhi
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -karidhi
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sikaridhi
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngekaridhi
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singekaridhi
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalikaridhi
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalikaridhi
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akaridhi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nakaridhi
|
twakaridhi
|
| 2nd person
|
wakaridhi
|
mwakaridhi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akaridhi
|
wakaridhi
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wakaridhi
|
yakaridhi
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lakaridhi
|
yakaridhi
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chakaridhi
|
vyakaridhi
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yakaridhi
|
zakaridhi
|
| u(XI)
|
wakaridhi
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwakaridhi
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pakaridhi
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwakaridhi
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mekaridhi
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshakaridhi
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jakaridhi
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kikaridhi
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipokaridhi
|
| Consecutive
|
kakaridhi / positive subject concord + -kakaridhi
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kakaridhi
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nikaridhi
|
-tukaridhi
|
| 2nd person
|
-kukaridhi
|
-wakaridhi/-kukaridhini/-wakaridhini
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mkaridhi
|
-wakaridhi
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ukaridhi
|
-ikaridhi
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-likaridhi
|
-yakaridhi
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kikaridhi
|
-vikaridhi
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ikaridhi
|
-zikaridhi
|
| u(XI)
|
-ukaridhi
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kukaridhi
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pakaridhi
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mukaridhi
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jikaridhi
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -karidhi- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-karidhiye
|
-karidhio
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-karidhio
|
-karidhiyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-karidhilo
|
-karidhiyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-karidhicho
|
-karidhivyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-karidhiyo
|
-karidhizo
|
| u(XI)
|
-karidhio
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-karidhiko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-karidhipo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-karidhimo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -karidhi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yekaridhi
|
-okaridhi
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-okaridhi
|
-yokaridhi
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lokaridhi
|
-yokaridhi
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chokaridhi
|
-vyokaridhi
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yokaridhi
|
-zokaridhi
|
| u(XI)
|
-okaridhi
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kokaridhi
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pokaridhi
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mokaridhi
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms