Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-kawia (infinitive kukawia)
- Applicative form of -kawa: to delay, tarry
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -kawia
|
| Positive present
|
-nakawia
|
| Subjunctive
|
-kawie
|
| Negative
|
-kawii
|
| Imperative singular
|
kawia
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kukawia
|
| Negative
|
kutokawia
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
kawia
|
| Plural
|
kawieni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hukawia
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -likawia
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kukawia
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakawia)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninakawia/nakawia
|
tunakawia
|
| 2nd person
|
unakawia
|
mnakawia
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anakawia
|
wanakawia
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nakawia
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -kawii)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sikawii
|
hatukawii
|
| 2nd person
|
hukawii
|
hamkawii
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hakawii
|
hawakawii
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -kawii
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -takawia
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -takawia
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kawie)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nikawie
|
tukawie
|
| 2nd person
|
ukawie
|
mkawie
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akawie
|
wakawie
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -kawie
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sikawie
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngekawia
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singekawia
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalikawia
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalikawia
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akawia)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nakawia
|
twakawia
|
| 2nd person
|
wakawia
|
mwakawia
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akawia
|
wakawia
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wakawia
|
yakawia
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lakawia
|
yakawia
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chakawia
|
vyakawia
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yakawia
|
zakawia
|
| u(XI)
|
wakawia
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwakawia
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pakawia
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwakawia
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mekawia
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshakawia
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jakawia
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kikawia
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipokawia
|
| Consecutive
|
kakawia / positive subject concord + -kakawia
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kakawie
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nikawia
|
-tukawia
|
| 2nd person
|
-kukawia
|
-wakawia/-kukawieni/-wakawieni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mkawia
|
-wakawia
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ukawia
|
-ikawia
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-likawia
|
-yakawia
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kikawia
|
-vikawia
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ikawia
|
-zikawia
|
| u(XI)
|
-ukawia
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kukawia
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pakawia
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mukawia
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jikawia
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kawia- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-kawiaye
|
-kawiao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-kawiao
|
-kawiayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-kawialo
|
-kawiayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kawiacho
|
-kawiavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-kawiayo
|
-kawiazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-kawiao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kawiako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-kawiapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-kawiamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kawia)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yekawia
|
-okawia
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-okawia
|
-yokawia
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lokawia
|
-yokawia
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chokawia
|
-vyokawia
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yokawia
|
-zokawia
|
| u(XI)
|
-okawia
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kokawia
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pokawia
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mokawia
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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