Swahili
Verb
-kumbwa (infinitive kukumbwa)
- Passive form of -kumba
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -kumbwa
|
| Positive present
|
-nakumbwa
|
| Subjunctive
|
-kumbwe
|
| Negative
|
-kumbwi
|
| Imperative singular
|
kumbwa
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
kumbwa
|
| Plural
|
kumbweni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hukumbwa
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -likumbwa
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kukumbwa
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakumbwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninakumbwa/nakumbwa
|
tunakumbwa
|
| 2nd person
|
unakumbwa
|
mnakumbwa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anakumbwa
|
wanakumbwa
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nakumbwa
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -kumbwi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sikumbwi
|
hatukumbwi
|
| 2nd person
|
hukumbwi
|
hamkumbwi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hakumbwi
|
hawakumbwi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -kumbwi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -takumbwa
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -takumbwa
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kumbwe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nikumbwe
|
tukumbwe
|
| 2nd person
|
ukumbwe
|
mkumbwe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akumbwe
|
wakumbwe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -kumbwe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sikumbwe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngekumbwa
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singekumbwa
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalikumbwa
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalikumbwa
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akumbwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nakumbwa
|
twakumbwa
|
| 2nd person
|
wakumbwa
|
mwakumbwa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akumbwa
|
wakumbwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wakumbwa
|
yakumbwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lakumbwa
|
yakumbwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chakumbwa
|
vyakumbwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yakumbwa
|
zakumbwa
|
| u(XI)
|
wakumbwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwakumbwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pakumbwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwakumbwa
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mekumbwa
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshakumbwa
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jakumbwa
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kikumbwa
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipokumbwa
|
| Consecutive
|
kakumbwa / positive subject concord + -kakumbwa
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kakumbwe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nikumbwa
|
-tukumbwa
|
| 2nd person
|
-kukumbwa
|
-wakumbwa/-kukumbweni/-wakumbweni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mkumbwa
|
-wakumbwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ukumbwa
|
-ikumbwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-likumbwa
|
-yakumbwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kikumbwa
|
-vikumbwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ikumbwa
|
-zikumbwa
|
| u(XI)
|
-ukumbwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kukumbwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pakumbwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mukumbwa
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jikumbwa
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kumbwa- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-kumbwaye
|
-kumbwao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-kumbwao
|
-kumbwayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-kumbwalo
|
-kumbwayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kumbwacho
|
-kumbwavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-kumbwayo
|
-kumbwazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-kumbwao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kumbwako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-kumbwapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-kumbwamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kumbwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yekumbwa
|
-okumbwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-okumbwa
|
-yokumbwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lokumbwa
|
-yokumbwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chokumbwa
|
-vyokumbwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yokumbwa
|
-zokumbwa
|
| u(XI)
|
-okumbwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kokumbwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pokumbwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mokumbwa
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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