Swahili
Etymology
Originally -epa, now fused with the class 15 affix.
Pronunciation
Verb
-kwepa (infinitive kukwepa)
- to avoid, elude, escape
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -kwepa
|
| Positive present
|
-nakwepa
|
| Subjunctive
|
-kwepe
|
| Negative
|
-kwepi
|
| Imperative singular
|
kwepa
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kukwepa
|
| Negative
|
kutokwepa
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
kwepa
|
| Plural
|
kwepeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hukwepa
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -likwepa
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kukwepa
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakwepa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninakwepa/nakwepa
|
tunakwepa
|
| 2nd person
|
unakwepa
|
mnakwepa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anakwepa
|
wanakwepa
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nakwepa
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -kwepi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sikwepi
|
hatukwepi
|
| 2nd person
|
hukwepi
|
hamkwepi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hakwepi
|
hawakwepi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -kwepi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -takwepa
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -takwepa
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kwepe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nikwepe
|
tukwepe
|
| 2nd person
|
ukwepe
|
mkwepe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akwepe
|
wakwepe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -kwepe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sikwepe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngekwepa
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singekwepa
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalikwepa
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalikwepa
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akwepa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nakwepa
|
twakwepa
|
| 2nd person
|
wakwepa
|
mwakwepa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akwepa
|
wakwepa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wakwepa
|
yakwepa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lakwepa
|
yakwepa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chakwepa
|
vyakwepa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yakwepa
|
zakwepa
|
| u(XI)
|
wakwepa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwakwepa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pakwepa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwakwepa
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mekwepa
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshakwepa
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jakwepa
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kikwepa
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipokwepa
|
| Consecutive
|
kakwepa / positive subject concord + -kakwepa
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kakwepe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nikwepa
|
-tukwepa
|
| 2nd person
|
-kukwepa
|
-wakwepa/-kukwepeni/-wakwepeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mkwepa
|
-wakwepa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ukwepa
|
-ikwepa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-likwepa
|
-yakwepa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kikwepa
|
-vikwepa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ikwepa
|
-zikwepa
|
| u(XI)
|
-ukwepa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kukwepa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pakwepa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mukwepa
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jikwepa
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kwepa- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-kwepaye
|
-kwepao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-kwepao
|
-kwepayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-kwepalo
|
-kwepayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kwepacho
|
-kwepavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-kwepayo
|
-kwepazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-kwepao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kwepako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-kwepapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-kwepamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kwepa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yekwepa
|
-okwepa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-okwepa
|
-yokwepa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lokwepa
|
-yokwepa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chokwepa
|
-vyokwepa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yokwepa
|
-zokwepa
|
| u(XI)
|
-okwepa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kokwepa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pokwepa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mokwepa
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms