leren
Dutch
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈleːrə(n)/
Audio: (file) - Hyphenation: le‧ren
- Rhymes: -eːrən
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch leren, from Old Dutch lēren, from Proto-West Germanic *laiʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *laizijaną.
Verb
leren
- (transitive, intransitive) to learn, to study
- (transitive) to teach
- Synonyms: aanleren, onderwijzen
- Antonym: afleren
Conjugation
Conjugation of leren (weak) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | leren | |||
past singular | leerde | |||
past participle | geleerd | |||
infinitive | leren | |||
gerund | leren n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | leer | leerde | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | leert, leer2 | leerde | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | leert | leerde | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | leert | leerde | ||
3rd person singular | leert | leerde | ||
plural | leren | leerden | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | lere | leerde | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | leren | leerden | ||
imperative sing. | leer | |||
imperative plur.1 | leert | |||
participles | lerend | geleerd | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
- Afrikaans: leer
- Berbice Creole Dutch: lere
- Negerhollands: leer, le, lie
- Skepi Creole Dutch: lear, lair
- → Saramaccan: léi, leren
- → Sranan Tongo: leri
Etymology 2
Contraction of lederen, from Middle Dutch lederijn, lederen (but also already leren). Equivalent to leer + -en.
Alternative forms
- lederen (somewhat archaic)
Adjective
leren (not comparable)
- made of leather
Declension
Declension of leren | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
uninflected | leren | |||
inflected | leren | |||
comparative | — | |||
positive | ||||
predicative/adverbial | — | |||
indefinite | m./f. sing. | leren | ||
n. sing. | leren | |||
plural | leren | |||
definite | leren | |||
partitive | — |
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
leren
- plural of leer
Galician
Verb
leren
- inflection of ler:
- third-person plural future subjunctive
- third-person plural personal infinitive
Middle Dutch
Etymology
Verb
lêren
Inflection
infinitive | base form | lêren | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
genitive | lêrens | ||||||
dative | lêrene | ||||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||||
present | past | present | past | ||||
1st person singular | lêre | — | lêre | — | |||
2nd person singular | lêers, lêres | — | lêers, lêres | — | |||
3rd person singular | lêert, lêret | — | lêre | — | |||
1st person plural | lêren | — | lêren | — | |||
2nd person plural | lêert, lêret | — | lêert, lêret | — | |||
3rd person plural | lêren | — | lêren | — | |||
imperative | |||||||
singular | lêer, lêre | ||||||
plural | lêert, lêret | ||||||
present | past | ||||||
participle | lêrende | — |
Descendants
- Dutch: leren
- Limburgish: lieëre
Further reading
- “leren (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “leren (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
Middle English
Etymology
From Old English lǣran (“to teach”), with semantic broadening by association with lernen, from Old English leornian (“to learn”).
Verb
leren
- to teach or instruct
- 14thC, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canon's Yeoman's Prologue and Tale, from The Canterbury Tales,
- He hath take on him many a great emprise,
Which were full hard for any that is here
To bring about, but they of him it lear.- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 14thC, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canon's Yeoman's Prologue and Tale, from The Canterbury Tales,
- to guide or lead
- to learn
Old Dutch
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *laiʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *laizijaną.
Verb
lēren
Inflection
Conjugation of lēren (weak class 1)
infinitive | lēren | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | lēro, lēron | lērida |
2nd person singular | lēris | lēridos |
3rd person singular | lērit | lērida |
1st person plural | lērun | lēridon |
2nd person plural | lērit | lēridot |
3rd person plural | lērunt | lēridon |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st person singular | lēre | lēridi |
2nd person singular | lēris | lēridis |
3rd person singular | lēre | lēridi |
1st person plural | lērin | lēridin |
2nd person plural | lērit | lēridit |
3rd person plural | lērin | lēridin |
imperative | present | |
singular | lēri | |
plural | lērit | |
participle | present | past |
lērendi | lērit, gilērit |
Descendants
Further reading
- “lēren”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old High German
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *laiʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *laizijaną, from *laizō (“lore”).
Akin to Old Saxon lērian, Old Dutch lēren, Old English lǣran, Old Norse læra, Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 (laisjan).
Verb
lēren
- to teach
Descendants
- Middle High German: lēren